canis - Articles
Enteritis: lymphocytic plasmacytic
Introduction
- A form of inflammatory bowel disease involving the small and/or large intestine.
- Cause: etiology obscure - perhaps immune-mediated sensitivity to range of antigens, eg diet, parasite, bacteria, etc.
- Signs: chronic vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss.
- Diagnosis: intestinal biopsy and histopathology (infiltration of lamina propria by lymphocytes and plasmacytes).
- Treatment: hypoallergenic diet, corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs.
- Prognosis: can be good although may require life-long therapy.
Presenting signs
- Chronic vomiting.
- Chronic diarrhea.
- Weight loss.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Unknown.
- Genetic, bacterial, immunological and mucosal permeability factor likely.
- Some dogs respond to hypoallergenic diets, anti-Giardial drugs or antibiotics against intestinal bacteria.
Predisposing factors
General- Dietary sensitivity Skin: food hypersensitivity.
- Parasitism (usually eosinophilic enteritis Enteritis: eosinophilic ).
- Bacterial overgrowth Antibiotic-responsive diarrhea (ARD) (Antibacterial Responsive Diarrhoea (ARD)).
Pathophysiology
- Hypothesized hypersensitivity to antigen(s) → chronic inflammation → loss of mucosal integrity and increased permeability → antigens can access lamina propria → further immune reaction and inflammation → malabsorption → protein-losing enteropathy.
- May be a non-specific reaction to a variety of agents.
- Loss of immune tolerance.
- Infiltration of lamina propria by inflammatory cells → malabsorption → may also affect permeability of mucosal barrier allowing further antigenic stimulation → protein losing enteropathy.
Diagnosis
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Treatment
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Prevention
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Outcomes
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Jergens A E, Moore F M, Haynes J S & Miles K G (1992) Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease in dogs and cats: 84 cases. JAVMA 201 (10), 1603-1608 PubMed.
- Jacobs G, Collins-Kelly L, Cappin M & Tyler D (1990) Lymphocytic and plasmacytic enteritis in 24 dogs. J Vet Int Med 4 (2), 45-53 PubMed.
- Rutgers H C, Batt R M, & Kelly D F (1988) Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis associated with bacterial overgrowth in dogs. JAVMA 192 (12), 1739-1742 PubMed.