lapis - Articles
Urinalysis: protein
Overview
- Urine from clinically normal rabbits may contain small amounts of protein.
Uses
Alone
- To detect proteinuria.
In combination
- Urine specific gravity and sediment analysis must be interpreted with urine protein levels. Very dilute urine and proteinuria is more significant than a concentrated sample with the same level of protein. Sediment to assess for urinary tract infection and/or hemorrhage.
- Serum protein Blood biochemistry: total protein to assess protein loss in combination with urine protein and creatinine Urinalysis: creatinine to calculate the urine protein:creatinine ratio.
Sampling
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Tests
Methodologies
- Mix the urine specimen thoroughly.
- Pipette urine onto test pads.
- Hold horizontally to avoid run-off between pads.
- Read test at correct interval.
Availability
- All veterinary practices.
- External laboratories.
Result Data
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Jenkins J R (2010) Evaluation of the rabbit urinary tract. J Exotic Pet Med 19 (4), 271-279 VetMedResource.
- Jenkins J R (2008) Rabbit diagnostic testing. J Exotic Pet Med 17 (1), 4-15 JExoticPetMed.
- Melillo A (2007) Rabbit clinical pathology. J Exotic Pet Med 16 (3), 135-145 VetMedResource.
- Paul-Murphy J (2007) Critical care of the rabbit. Vet Clin Exotic Anim Pract 10 (2), 437-461 PubMed.
- Cray C & Zaias J (2004) Laboratory procedures. Vet Clin Exotic Anim Pract 7 (2), 487-518 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Varga M (2014) Textbook of Rabbit Medicine. 2nd edn. Butterworth Heinemann Elsevier, UK.
- Klaphake E & Paul-Murphy J (2012) Disorders of the Reproductive and Urinary Systems. In: Ferrets, Rabbits & Rodents Clinical Medicine & Surgery. 3rd edn. Eds: Quesenberry K E & Carpenter J W. Elsevier Saunders, USA.
- Oglesbee B L (2011) Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Small Mammal. 2nd edn. Wiley-Blackwell, USA.
- Jenkins J R (2006)C linical Pathology. In: BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine & Surgery. 2nd edn. Eds: Meredith A & Flecknell P. BSAVA, UK.
- Saunders R A & Rees Davies R (2005) EdsNotes on Rabbit Internal Medicine. Blackwell Publishing, UK.
Organisation(s)
- Mary Pinborough, Pinmoore Animal Laboratory Services Ltd, The Coach House, Town House Barn, Clotton, Cheshire CW6 0EG, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1829 781855; Email: sales@palsvetlab.co.uk; Website: www.palsvetlab.co.uk.