ISSN 2398-2969      

Cystitis

Clapis

Synonym(s): Water infection, bladder infection, urinary tract infection


Introduction

  • If associated with uroliths then calculi may be found in the bladder, kidney, ureter, urethra or kidney.
  • The formation of calculi may occur as a result of several factors including diet, anatomy and (rarely) infection.
  • Rabbits have an unusual calcium metabolism. Most mammals have a urinary fractional excretion of 2% whereas rabbits may have 45-60%.
  • The level of dietary calcium is directly related to the amount of calcium excreted into the urine. It is not unusual therefore to detect calcium carbonate crystals in rabbit urine.
  • Uroliths are usually of calcium carbonate and readily visible on radiography.
Print off the Owner Factsheet on Cystitis to give to your clients.

Presentation

Acute

  • Anorexia, depression, pain, urine staining, weight loss, anuria, dysuria.
  • Hematuria, dysuria, urine scald, frequent urination, incontinence.
  • Acute collapse.

Incidence

Geographic

  • None reported.

Morbidity

  • 100% by definition.

Mortality

  • Rare unless associated with inability to urinate, bladder rupture or renal disease.

Cause

This article is available in full to registered subscribers

Sign up now to start a free trial to access all Vetlexicon articles, images, sounds and videos, or Login

Diagnosis

This article is available in full to registered subscribers

Sign up now to start a free trial to access all Vetlexicon articles, images, sounds and videos, or Login

Treatment

This article is available in full to registered subscribers

Sign up now to start a free trial to access all Vetlexicon articles, images, sounds and videos, or Login

Prevention

This article is available in full to registered subscribers

Sign up now to start a free trial to access all Vetlexicon articles, images, sounds and videos, or Login

Prognosis

This article is available in full to registered subscribers

Sign up now to start a free trial to access all Vetlexicon articles, images, sounds and videos, or Login

Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
  • Hillyer E V (1994) Pet rabbits. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 24 (1), 25-65 PubMed.
  • Garibaldi B A, Fox J G, Otto G et al (1987) Haematuria in rabbits. Lab Animal Sci 37 (6), 769-772 PubMed.
  • Mayo M E & Hinman F (1976) Structure and function of the rabbit bladder altered by chronic obstruction or cystitis. Invest Urol 14 (1), 6-9 PubMed.

Other sources of information

  • Oglesbee B L (2006) Lower Urinary Tract Infection. In: The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult: Ferret and Rabbit. Blackwell Publishing. pp 290.

Can’t find what you’re looking for?

We have an ever growing content library on Vetlexicon so if you ever find we haven't covered something that you need please fill in the form below and let us know!

 
 
 
 

To show you are not a Bot please can you enter the number showing adjacent to this field