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Prostate gland: neoplasia
Introduction
- Prostate - a bilobed structure, at level of cranial pubic brim, halfway between penis and bladder neck (more caudal than in the dog).
- Some prostate tissue in urethral wall.
- Uncommon, eg 3 of 3248 feline tumors.
- Prostatic disease uncommon perhaps due to high rate of castration and difficulty of examining prostate, or for biological reasons.
- Older cats 6y-22y.
- Signs: dysuria, urinary obstruction, hematuria, pollakiuria.
- Diagnosis: signs, biopsy.
- Treatment: High metastatic rate and poor prognosis often precludes treatment.
- Prognosis: Poor, due to metastasis and refractory dysuria and urinary obstruction.
Presenting signs
- Dysuria.
- Acute urinary obstruction.
- Hematuria.
- Increased urination frequency.
- Dyschezia / constipation.
- Urinary incontinence.
- Inappetence.
- Weight loss.
- Lethargy.
Age predisposition
- Range from 6y-22y, mostly older cats over 10y.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Primary tumors:
- Adenocarcinoma (most common, but still rare) Adenoma / adenocarcinoma.
- Fibroadenoma (very rare).
Pathophysiology
- Enlarged prostate from tumor growth causes urinary obstruction, rectal compression.
- Typically invasive, with metastatic potential (eg to lungs, pancreas).
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Caney S M, Holt P E, Day M J et al (1998) Prostatic carcinoma in two cats. JSAP 39 (3), 140-143 PubMed.
- Holt P E (1992) Aspects of feline urology. Vet Ann 32, 13-28 VetMedResource.
- Hubbard B S, Vulgamott J C & Liska W D (1990) Prostatic adenocarcinoma in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 197 (11), 1493-1494 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Carpenter J L, Andrews K L and Holzworth J (1987) Chapter 11. Tumors and tumor-like lesions. In: Holzworth J (Ed) Diseases of the cat - Medicine and surgery. pp 518-520. WB Saunders.