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Tarsus: collateral ligament rupture
Synonym(s): hock
Introduction
- Rupture of one of more of the collateral ligaments (medial and lateral, straight (tibiocentral) and oblique (tibiotalar) branches).
- Injury may be open or closed, may be avulsion fractures of malleolus, shearing injuries may be present.
- Complete collateral ligament ruptures will result in tarsocrural luxation Talocrural luxation.
- Strains or incomplete ruptures of collateral ligament - may involve the straight or oblique components of the medial or lateral collaterals.
- Signs: moderate to severe lameness.
- Diagnosis: palpation, imaging, surgical exploration for accurate assessment.
- Treatment: primary repair or prosthetic reconstruction.
Presenting signs
- Acute onset, severe hindlimb lameness.
- Associated malleolar avulsion or shearing injury Malleolus: shearing injury.
- Pain.
- Swelling.
- Joint instability - need to test with joint extended (lstrainght component), flexed (oblique component).
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Trauma, eg RTA.
- Jumping and landing awkwardly.
- Dog bite.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Nicholson I, Langley-Hobbs S, Sutcliffe M et al (2012) Feline talocrural luxation: a cadaveric study of repair using ligament prostheses. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 25 (2), 116-125 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Voss K, Langley-Hobbs S J, Montavon P M (2009) Tarsal joint. In: Feline Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Disease. Montavon P M, Voss K, Langley-Hobbs S J (eds), Saunders, Elsevier. pp 507-526.