Introduction

• Digital palpation of the peripheral pulse   Cardiovascular: arterial pulse palpation  gives a good guide to the heart rate and pulse pressure and can indicate the presence of some arrhythmias   Heart: sinus dysrhythmia  .
• Electrocardiography (ECG)   Cardiovascular: ECG (electrocardiography)  only gives information about the electrical activity within the heart, not mechanical function. It does give an audible bleep indicating the heart rate.

Digital palpation of the pulse

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

• Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
• Trim C M (1998) Monitoring during anesthesia - techniques and interpretation. Equine Vet Educ 10 (4), 207-218.
• Jones J L (1996) Invasive monitoring techniques in anesthetized animals. Vet Med, 326.
• Jones J L (1996) Non-invasive monitoring techniques in anesthetized animals. Vet Med, 337.
• Keegan R D & Greene S A (1994) Equine anesthsia; blood pressure and monitoring - a review. Equine Pract 16 (7), 26.
• Riebold T W (1990) Monitoring equine anesthesia. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 6 (3), 607-624.
• Klein L (1990) Anesthetic complications in the horse. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 6 (3), 676-681.
• Young S (1989) Monitoring the anesthetized horse. Equine Vet Educ 1 (1), 45-49.

Other sources of information

• McDonell W N & Dyson D H (1990) Monitoring the anesthetized horse. In: Current Practice of Equine Surgery.Eds: White N A & Moore J N. Lippincott. pp 87-93. ISBN: 0-397-50937-5.