Introduction

• Cause: trauma; often in conjunction with meniscal   Stifle: trauma - meniscal  and cruciate ligament   Stifle: trauma - cruciate ligament  injury.
• Signs: moderate to severe lameness   Musculoskeletal: gait evaluation  , swelling over medial collateral ligament, pain on palpation.
• Diagnosis: radiography   Hindlimb: radiography  , arthroscopy   Joint: arthroscopy - overview  , ultrasonography   Ultrasonography: musculoskeletal  .
• Treatment: rest, arthroscopic debridement of any concurrent cartilage/ligament injuries, anti-inflammatories   Therapeutics: anti-inflammatory drugs  .
• Prognosis: depends on severity of injury and associated pathology; loss of stability   →   poorer prognosis.

Pathogenesis

Etiology

• Trauma.

Pathophysiology

• Acute trauma usually involving lateral or medial force on the joint or distal limb resulting in desmitis and/or rupture.
• Severe injuries often in conjunction with meniscal    Stifle: trauma - meniscal  , articular cartilage and/or cruciate ligament    Stifle: trauma - cruciate ligament  injury.
• Degenerative changes in ligaments.
• Medial collateral ligament injury more common than lateral.

Diagnosis

Treatment

Outcomes