Treat Equis Intestine: enteritis
ISSN 2398-2977      

Intestine: enteritis

p  equis
Contributor(s):

Prof Jonathon Naylor

Jarred Williams

Introduction

  • Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a cause of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Cause: unknown.
  • Signs: weight loss, inappetence and edema.
  • Diagnosis: clinical signs, rectal findings, and gut biopsy.
  • Treatment: supportive therapy, eg fluids, intestinal adsorbents, probiotics, etc.
  • Prognosis: guarded if eosinophilic enteritis.

Pathogenesis

Etiology

  • Unknown.

Pathophysiology

  • Inciting cause (unknown) → mucosal inflammation, and the infiltration of the gut wall with eosinophilic cells.
  • Villous atrophy and leakage of protein and electrolyte may follow → decreased reabsorption of water from the feces.
  • Skin lesions also occur, and often are the presenting problem.
  • Mucosal inflammation and infiltration → protein losing enteropathy and loss of fluid, as well as lack of reabsorption of water due to villous atrophy, another consequence of gut wall inflammation.
  • Reduced carbohydrate absorption, hypoalbuminemia, and hypoproteinemia commonly occur.
  • Diffuse eosinophilic infiltration of the regional lymph nodes, and organs adjacent to the gut as well as extra-intestinal tissues such as the skin also occurs.
  • Skin lesions are a common feature.

Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Outcomes

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Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
  • Uzal F A & Diab S S (2015) Gastritis, enteritis and colitis in horses. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 31 (2), 337-358 PubMed.
  • Blunden A S, Smith K C, Neal H N & Dugdale D J (2006) Enteritis associated with infection by Campylobacter jejuni in two Thoroughbred foals. Equine Vet Educ 18 (1), 8-10 VetMedResource.
  • Swain J M, Licka T, Rhind S M & Hudson N P (2003) Multifocal eosinophilic enteritis associated with a small intestinal obstruction in a standardbred horse. Vet Rec 24 (152), 645-651 PubMed.
  • Schumacher J, Edwards J F & Cohen N D (2000) Chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases of the horse. J Vet Intern Med 14 (3), 258-265 PubMed.
  • Lindberg R et al (1996) Rectal biopsy diagnosis in horses with clinical signs of intestinal disorders, a retrospective study of 116 cases. Equine Vet J 28 (4), 275-284 PubMed.
  • Love S, Mair T S & Hillyer M H (1992) Chronic diarrhea in adult horses - a review of 51 referred cases. Vet Rec 130 (11), 217-219 PubMed.
  • Cohen N D et al (1992) Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with encapsulated nematodes in a horse. JAVMA 200 (10), 1518-1520 PubMed.

Other sources of information

  • Rose R J & Hodgson D R (1993) Manual of Equine Practice. Saunders. ISBN: 0721637396.

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