Treat Equis Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hyperplasia
ISSN 2398-2977      

Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hyperplasia

p  equis
Contributor(s):

James Roxburgh

Graham Munroe

Synonym(s): EOTRH

Introduction

  • Cause: unknown: likely predisposing biomechanical forces followed by micro-organisms and/or immune involvement. Uncommon condition.
  • Signs: commonly affects incisors and canine teeth: rarely involves the cheek teeth. Gingivitis, edema, juga (alveolar protrusions or swellings), draining tracts, calculus accumulation, erosive crown lesions, gingival recession, crown mobility, teeth fractures Teeth: fracture, proliferative gingivitis Teeth: calculus.
  • Diagnosis: signalment: age generally >15 years old, examination findings confirmed by radiography.
  • Treatment: extraction of affected teeth Teeth: extraction.
  • Prognosis: good once affected teeth extracted; progressive disease likely to affect multiple incisor and canine teeth over time.
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Pathogenesis

Etiology

  • Unclear: several theories proposed:
    • Immune-mediated syndrome; similar conditions in other species, eg FORL lesions in cats.
    • Biomechanics: increased occlusal forces stimulating periodontal ligament, micronecrosis and cascade of clastic cell activation.
    • Age related stresses.
    • Likely to be a multifactorial disease.
    • Other etiologies suggested.

Predisposing factors

  • No clear predisposing factors.

Pathophysiology

  • Osteolytic demineralization of the cementum and dentine of the reserve crown and alveolar bone.
  • May be accompanied by a severe chronic gingivitis and periodontitis Teeth: periodontal disease.
  • Subsequently there is hypercementosis around the affected teeth.

Timecourse

  • Slowly progressive disease.

Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Prevention

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Outcomes

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Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
  • Brown J A et al (2022) Clinical, diagnostic and histological findings involving cheek teeth hypercementosis in nine horses. J Vet Dent 39 (4), 358-368 PubMed.
  • James O (2022) Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis. J Vet Dent 39 (4), 346-357 PubMed.
  • Rahmani V et al (2019) History, clinical findings and outcome of horses with radiographical signs of equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis. Vet Rec 185 (23), 730 PubMed.
  • Hole S L & Staszyk C (2018) Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis. Equine Vet Ed 30 (7), 386-391 VetMedResource.
  • Lorello O et al (2016) Clinical treatment and prognosis of equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis. Equine Vet J 48 (2), 188-194 PubMed.
  • Moore N T, Schroeder W & Staszyk C (2015) Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis affecting all cheek teeth in two horses: clinical and histopathological findings. Equine Vet Ed 28 (2), 123-130 WileyOnline.
  • Smedley R C et al (2015) Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis: histopathologic features. Vet Pathol 52 (5), 903-909 PubMed.
  • Lorello O, Foster D L, Levine D G, Boyle A, Engiles J & Orsini J A (2014) Clinical treatment and prognosis of equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis. Equine Vet J 48 (2), 188-194 PubMed.
  • Foster D L (2013) The gold standard of dental care for the adult performance horse. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 29 (2), 505–519 PubMed.

Related Images

Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hyperplasia 01
Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hyperplasia 02

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