Introduction

• A high resolution film-screen combination is required.
• A grid is not required.
• In UK, kV should not exceed about 50.
• Soft tissues should be included.
• General anesthesia or sedation is required.
• The film should be correctly exposed and developed, and free from movement blur and artefact.
• The anatomical marker must be clearly visible, along with the patient's identification, the date, and the name of the hospital or practice.

Uses

• Fracture .
• Dislocation.
• Neoplasia: bony Bone: neoplasia , or soft tissue invading bone Synovial cell sarcoma.
• Carpal valgus/varus but full length radius and ulna views including the carpus may be preferable.
• Foreign bodies.
• Arthritis .
• Infection.

Advantages

• Non-invasive.
• Easily performed clinical practice.

Requirements

Preparation

Procedure

Outcomes

Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

• Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
• Bradley K (2005) Radiography and radiology of the carpus and hock. UK Vet 10 (5), 39-42.