Introduction

Name

• Dietetic diet: support of heart function in chronic cardiac insufficiency.

Class of drug

• Dietetic pet food.

Description

Nutritional properties

• Moderately restricted sodium. Severe sodium restriction in cardiac failure is likely not beneficial due to the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. Hyponatremia Hyponatremia in dogs with CHF is associated with a poorer prognosis.
• Increased potassium:sodium ratio.
• Increased magnesium.
• Increased water-soluble vitamins.
• Increased taurine Taurine and l-carnitine L-carnitine.
• Increased omega-3 fatty acids Omega-3 fatty acids.

Uses

Indications

• Cardiac insufficiency Heart: congestive heart failure. For chronic valvular disease Heart: mitral valve degenerative disease, consider initiating a therapeutic diet by Stage 2B or earlier if there are no co-morbidities requiring other dietary therapy.

Administration

Precautions

Publications

Refereed papers

• Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
• Freeman L M, Stern J A, Fries R et al (2018) Diet-associated dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs: what do we know? JAVMA 253 (11), 1390-1394 PubMed.
• Belevych A E, Ho H T, Terentyeva R et al (2013) Dietary omega-3 fatty acids promote arrhythmogenic remodeling of cellular Ca2+ handling in a postinfarction model of sudden cardiac death. PLoS One 8 (10), e78414 PubMed.
• Suematsu N, Ojaimi C, Recchia F A et al (2010) Potential mechanisms of low-sodium diet-induced cardiac disease: superoxide-NO in the heart. Circ Res 106 (3), 593-600 PubMed.
• Atkins C, Bonagura J, Ettinger S et al (2009) Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of canine chronic valvular heart disease. J Vet Intern Med 23 (6), 1142-1150 PubMed.
• Freeman L M, Rush J E, Markwell P J (2006) Effects of dietary modification in dogs with early chronic valvular disease. J Vet Intern Med 20 (5), 1116-1126 PubMed.

Other sources of information

• Roudebush P & Keene B W (2010) Cardiovascular disease. In: Small Animal Clinical Nutrition. 5th edn. Topeka: Mark Morris Institute.