Introduction

Name

• Allopurinol.

Class of drug

• Xanthine oxidase inhibitor.

Uses

Indications

• Uric acid uroliths and hyperuricosuric calcium oxalate urolithiasis Urolithiasis prophylaxis to prevent recurrence.
• Reperfusion injuries to decrease lipid peroxidation.

• Evidence of its efficacy is lacking.

• Induction and maintenance of remission in animals treated for leishmaniasis Canine leishmaniosis with meglumine antimonate Meglumine antimoniate.

Administration

Precautions

Interactions

with other drugs

• Allopurinol inhibits the metabolism of azothioprine and enhances the risk of neutropenia. The combination should be avoided.
• In Man may increase the effect of:
  • Azathioprine Azathioprine.
  • Cyclophosphamide Cyclophosphamide.
  • Oral anticoagulants.
  • Theophylline Theophylline.

Adverse Reactions

Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

• Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
• Cavaliero T, Arnold P, Mathis P et al (1999) Clinical, serologic and parasitologic follow-up after long-term allopurinol therapy of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum. JVIM 13 (4), 330-334 PubMed.

Other sources of information

• Based on Small Animal Formulary. Tennant B (1999) 3rd edn. BSAVA, UK. ISBN: 0 905214 44 7.