Introduction

Name

• IUPAC.

Class of drug

• Insecticide and acaricide belonging to the isoxazoline family.

Description

Chemical name

• 1-Naphthalenecarboxamide, 4-[5- [3-chloro-5- (trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-4, 5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-N-[2-oxo-2-[(2,2,2- trifluoroethyl)amino]ethyl.

Molecular formula

• C26H17ClF9N3O3

Molecular weight

• 625.9

Physical properties

• Finished product: chewable tablets for dogs.

Storage requirements

• Product as packaged for sale:
  • Store at or below 30°C.

Uses

Indications

• Ectoparasiticide. Insecticide. Acaricide. Flea adulticide.
• Treatment and prevention of flea infestations (Ctenocephalides felis Ctenocephalides felis and C.canis Ctenocephalides canis) for at least 5 weeks.
• Can be used as part of a treatment strategy for the control of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD).
• Kills fleas before egg production and therefore prevents household contamination.
• Treatment and control of several tick species for up to 1 month - depending on the geography -Dermacentor reticulatus Dermacentor reticulatus (Ornate cow or march tick) and D.variabilis (American dog tick), Ixodes ricinus Ixodes ricinus (Castor bean tick) and Ixodes scapularis (Black-legged or deer tick), Rhipicephalus sanguineus Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Brown dog tick), Amblyomma americanum (Lone star tick) and Haemaphysalis longicornis (Cattle, scrub or bush tick).

Administration

Precautions

Interactions

with other drugs

• None known.
• In a controlled field study in dogs, afoxolaner was used concomitantly with other medications, such as vaccines, anthelmintics, antibiotics (including topicals), corticosteroids, NSAIDS, anesthetics, and antihistamines.

Adverse Reactions

Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

• Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
• Beugnet F, Halos L, Larsen D et al (2014) The ability of an oral formulation of afoxolaner to block the transmission of Babesia canis by Dermacentor reticulatus ticks to dogs. Parasit Vectors 7, 283 PubMed.
• Drag M, Saik J, Harriman J et al (2014) Safety evaluation of orally administered afoxolaner in 8-week-old dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 198-203 PubMed.
• Dumont P, Blair J, Fourie J J et al (2014) Evaluation of the efficacy of afoxolaner against two European dog tick species: Dermacentor reticulatus and Ixodes ricinus. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 216-219 PubMed.
• Dumont P, Gale B, Chester T S et al (2014) Curative and preventative efficacy of orally administered afoxolaner against Ctenocephalides canis infestation in dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 212-215 PubMed.
• Hunter J S 3rd, Dumont P, Chester T S et al (2014) Evaluation of the curative and preventative efficacy of a single oral administration of afoxolaner against cat flea Ctenocephalides felis infestations on dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 207-211 PubMed.
• Kondo Y, Kinoshita G, Drag M et al (2014) Evaluation of the efficacy of afoxolaner against Haemaphysalis longicornis on dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 229-231 PubMed.
• Kunkle B, Daly S, Dumont P et al (2014) Assessment of the efficacy of orally administered afoxolaner against Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 226-228 PubMed.
• Kunkle B N, Drag M D, Chester T S et al (2014) Assessment of the onset of action of afoxolaner against existing adult flea (Ctenocephalides felis) infestations on dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 204-206 PubMed.
• Letendre L, Huang R, Kvaternick V et al (2014) The intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics of afoxolaner used as a monthly chewable antiparasitic for dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 190-197 PubMed.
• Mitchell E B, Dorr P, Everett W R et al (2014) Efficacy of afoxolaner against Dermacentor variabilis ticks in dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 220-222 PubMed.
• Mitchell E B, McCall J W, Chester T S et al (2014) Efficacy of afoxolaner against Ixodes scapularis ticks in dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 223-225 PubMed.
• Otranto D (2014) NEXGARD®. Afoxolaner, a new oral insecticide -acaricide to control fleas and ticks in dogs. Ediotrial. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 177-178 PubMed.
• Shoop W L, Hartline E J, Gould B R et al (2014) Discovery and mode of action of afoxolaner, a new isoxazoline parasiticide for dogs. Vet Parasitol 201 (3-4), 179-189 PubMed.

Other sources of information

• Product information: Summary of Product Characteristics.
• Food and Drugs Administration (FDA): Freedom of Information Summary.

Organisation(s)

• www.esccap.org
• www.capc.org