Introduction

• Peripheral vascular disease encompasses disease of:
  • Arteries.
  • Arterioles.
  • Capillaries.
  • Venules.
  • Veins.
  • Lymphatics.
• In veterinary medicine, diagnosis and treatment of vascular disease is challenging, due to:
  • Vague clinical signs.
  • Difficulty in diagnosing.
  • Confusion regarding terminology of diseases.
• Vascular disease often classified according to:
  • Type of vessel affected (arterial vs venous vs lymphatic).
  • Presence or absence of vessel obstruction (occlusive vs non-occlusive).
  • Inflammatory component (-itis).
• Main forms of peripheral vascular disease in small animals, excluding conditions caused by peripheral thromboembolism, are:
  • Atherosclerosis.
  • Arteriosclerosis.
  • Aneurysms.
  • Peripheral arteriovenous fistulae.
  • Vasculitis.
  • Polyarteritis nodosa.
  • Phlebitis.

Forms of peripheral vascular disease

Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

• Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
• Chetboul V, Tessier D, Borenstein N et al (2003) Familial aortic aneurysm in Leonberg dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 223 (8), 1159-1162, 1129 PubMed.
• Hess R S, Kass P H & Van Winkle T J (2003) Association between diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism or hypoadrenocorticism, and atherosclerosis in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 17 (4), 489-494 PubMed.
• Sasaki M, Pool R & Summers B A (2003) Vasculitis in a dog resembling isolated angiitis of the central nervous system in humans. Vet Pathol 40 (1), 95-97 PubMed.
• Waldrop J E, Stoneham A E, Tidwell A S et al (2003) Aortic dissection associated with aortic aneurysms and posterior paresis in a dog. J Vet Intern Med 17 (2), 223-229 PubMed.
• Tobias K M, Cambridge A & Gavin P (2001) Cyanoacrylate occlusion and resection of an arteriovenous fistula in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 219 (6), 785-788, 763 PubMed.
• Synder P W, Kazacos E A, Scott-Moncrieff J C et al (1995) Pathologic features of naturally occurring juvenile polyarteritis in beagle dogs. Vet Pathol 32 (4), 337-345 PubMed.
• Scott-Moncrieff J C, Snyder P W, Glickman L T et al (1992) Systemic necrotizing vasculitis in nine young beagles. J Am Vet Med Assoc 201 (10), 1553-1558 PubMed.
• Crawford M A & Foil C S (1989) Vasculitis: clinical syndromes in small animals. Comp Contin Ed 11 (4), 400-415 VetMedResource.
• Liu S K, Tilley L P, Tappe J P et al (1986) Clinical and pathological findings in dogs with atherosclerosis: 21 cases (1970-1983). J Am Vet Med Assoc 189 (2), 227-232 PubMed.

Other sources of information

• Suter P F & Fox P R (1995) Peripheral vascular disease. In: Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 4th ed. Ed S Ettinger. W B Saunders, Philadelphia. pp 1068-1081.