Introduction

• Cause: mite Sarcoptes scabiei Sarcoptes scabiei ; highly contagious to Canidae and humans (and many other mammals).
• Signs: pruritus, self-trauma (especially at predilection sites - hocks, elbows, pinnae, sternum).
• Diagnosis: pruritus, papules and crusting.
• Treatment: isoxazolines, imidacloprid, selamectin, lime sulfur dip, oral ivermectin, oral milbemycin.
• Prognosis: excellent - guarded if systemically ill.

Pathogenesis

Etiology

• Sarcoptes scabiei Sarcoptes scabiei.

Predisposing factors

• Contact with other dogs or with fox carcases or fox dens

Pathophysiology

• Infection causes a pruritic reaction that is initially in relation to the number of mites.
• A hypersensitivity reaction can occur that hightens the pruritus.
• Some dogs will self cure after a few months.
• Some will develop a life-threatening dermatosis. 

Epidemiology

• Transmitted via direct contact, indirect contact and fomites.
• Entire lifecycle on host .
• Adult mite tunnels through epidermis → eggs and feces → reaction.
• Wild canids are reservoir of infection (foxes, especially in urban situation).

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

Outcomes