Shoulder: luxation – congenital
Introduction
- Rare, congenital.
- Signs: recurrent lameness (uni- or bi-lateral) between 3-10 months old.
- Begging posture.
- Better hindquarter development - may attempt to walk upright on hindlimbs.
- Treatment: conservative.
- Diagnosis: signs, radiography.
- Prognosis: fair - lameness may improve with age.
- Breed predilection (toy poodle and sheltie breeds) for medial luxations without trauma.
Presenting signs
- Recurrent lameness.
- Begging posture with joint(s) held partially flexed.
- Bilateral thoracic limb involvement.
Acute presentation
- Traumatic luxations very rare Shoulder: luxation - traumatic.
Age predisposition
- 3-10 months.
- After reaching skeletal maturity.
Breed/Species predisposition
- Toy Poodle Poodle: Toy.
- Shetland Sheepdog Shetland Sheepdog.
- Miniature poodle Poodle: miniature.
- Pomeranian Pomeranian.
- Griffin.
- Miniature pinscher Miniature Pinscher.
- Chihuahua Chihuahua - Smooth Coat Chihuahua - Long Coat.
- Fox terriers Fox Terrier - smooth Fox Terrier - Wire.
- King Charles Spaniel Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
Pathogenesis
Pathophysiology
- Congenital abnormality of scapulohumeral joint.
- Flattened or convex glenoid and relatively large humeral head.
- Acromion most commonly displaced laterally, ie medial luxation.
- May be bilateral.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Read R A (1994) Successful treatment of congenital shoulder luxation by closed pinning. VCOT 7 (4), 170-172 VetMedResource.
- Vasseur P B (1990) Arthrodesis for congenital shoulder luxation in a dog. JAVMA 197 (4), 501-503 PubMed.
- Campbell J R (1968) Shoulder lameness in the dog. JSAP 9 (4), 189-192 PubMed.
- Vaughan L C (1967) Dislocation of the shoulder joint of the dog and cat. JSAP 8 (1), 45-50 PubMed.