Lipid corneal dystrophy in Dogs (Canis) | Vetlexicon
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Lipid corneal dystrophy

ISSN 2398-2942

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Introduction

  • Cause: lipid deposition in the cornea may occur:
    • As a primary problem related to lipid handling by keratocytes.
    • As a problem secondary to a circulating lipid disorder.
    • As a problem secondary to pre-existing corneal pathology.
  • Signs: corneal opacity.
  • Diagnosis: ophthalmology/slit lamp biomicroscopy.
  • Treatment: dietary manipulation to reduce the speed of lesion progression. Superficial keratectomy to remove lipid deposits in severe cases.
  • Lipid deposition in the cornea may be classed as:
    • Corneal lipid dystrophy Lipid keratopathy Rough Collie male 3 years (bilateral inherited disease with no predisposing systemic or local cause).
    • Lipid keratopathy Lipid keratopathy Pug 13 months (lipid deposition in site of pre-existing corneal pathology, especially vascularization).
    • Corneal arcus deposition next to a limbal mass.
    • Arcus lipoides corneae with systemic elevated plasma lipid.

Presenting signs

  • Lipid dystrophy presents as central or paracentral lipid deposition, often in an oval or ring shape, in specific breeds with an inherited problem.
  • Lipid keratopathy presents as lipid deposited in an area of corneal vascularization or in an arc around a perilimbal mass.

Breed/Species predisposition

Pathogenesis

Etiology

  • Related to abnormal lipid metabolism by corneal fibroblasts.

Predisposing factors

General
  • High lipid containing diet possibly associated.

Pathophysiology

  • Corneal dystrophy is:
    • Inherited.
    • Bilateral.
    • Not associated with systemic circulating lipid abnormalities.

Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Prevention

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Outcomes

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Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
  • Crispin S M (1993) Ocular manifestations of hyperlipoproteinemia. JSAP 34 (10), 500-506 VetMedResource.
  • Crispin S M (1987) Lipid keratopathy in the dog. Vet Annual 27, 196-208 VetMedResource.