Lipid corneal dystrophy
Introduction
- Cause: lipid deposition in the cornea may occur:
- As a primary problem related to lipid handling by keratocytes.
- As a problem secondary to a circulating lipid disorder.
- As a problem secondary to pre-existing corneal pathology.
- Signs: corneal opacity.
- Diagnosis: ophthalmology/slit lamp biomicroscopy.
- Treatment: dietary manipulation to reduce the speed of lesion progression. Superficial keratectomy to remove lipid deposits in severe cases.
- Lipid deposition in the cornea may be classed as:
- Corneal lipid dystrophy (bilateral inherited disease with no predisposing systemic or local cause).
- Lipid keratopathy (lipid deposition in site of pre-existing corneal pathology, especially vascularization).
- Corneal arcus deposition next to a limbal mass.
- Arcus lipoides corneae with systemic elevated plasma lipid.
Presenting signs
- Lipid dystrophy presents as central or paracentral lipid deposition, often in an oval or ring shape, in specific breeds with an inherited problem.
- Lipid keratopathy presents as lipid deposited in an area of corneal vascularization or in an arc around a perilimbal mass.
Breed/Species predisposition
- Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
- Siberian Husky Siberian Husky.
- Golden Retriever Retriever: Golden.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Related to abnormal lipid metabolism by corneal fibroblasts.
Predisposing factors
General- High lipid containing diet possibly associated.
Pathophysiology
- Corneal dystrophy is:
- Inherited.
- Bilateral.
- Not associated with systemic circulating lipid abnormalities.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Crispin S M (1993) Ocular manifestations of hyperlipoproteinemia. JSAP 34 (10), 500-506 VetMedResource.
- Crispin S M (1987) Lipid keratopathy in the dog. Vet Annual 27, 196-208 VetMedResource.