Chronic interstitial nephritis
Introduction
- A common cause of chronic renal failure.
- Cause: usually unknown.
- Diagnosis: histopathology, exclusion of specific diseases such as pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, renal amyloidosis and urolithiasis.
- See chronic renal failure Kidney: chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Presenting signs
- Polyuria/polydipsia.
- Gradual onset of weight loss, lethargy and anorexia → chronic renal failure Kidney: chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Uremic syndrome Uremia.
Acute presentation
- The disease is chronic - signs may be acute at time of decompensation.
Age predisposition
- More common in geriatric dogs.
Cost considerations
- For intractable uremia from end-stage chronic interstitial nephritis - hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
- IV or subcutaneous fluid therapy.
- Dietary changes.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Often unknown etiology.
- Leptospirosis Leptospira icterohemorrhagiae or canine adenovirus-1 Canine adenovirus type 1 may play a possible role but are probably rare.
- Any prior renal insult or disease of sufficient magnitude can result in gradually progressive renal disease (chronic interstitial nephritis).
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Macdougall D F et al (1986) Canine chronic renal disease - prevalence and types of glomerulonephritis in the dog. Kidney Int 29 (6), 1144-1151 PubMed.
- Wright N G et al (1983) Experimental canine adenovirus glomerulonephritis - histological, immunofluorescence and ultrastructural features of the early glomerular changes. Br J Exp Pathol 64 (3), 312-319 PubMed.