bovis - Articles
Rabies virus
Synonym(s): Lyssavirus
Introduction
Classification
Taxonomy
- Family: Rhabdoviridae.
- Subgroup: Lyssavirus - there are 16 different viral species of lyssavirus classified according to their genome sequence.
Etymology
- Gk: rhabdos - rod; refers to the shape of the virus. Often described as bullet-shaped.
- Lyssa - rage, fury.
Distribution
- Widely distributed throughout the world in both domestic and wild animals (including bats) except in some European countries (incl UK), Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Antarctica and some Caribbean countries.
- Rabies has been recognized for over 4000 years.
Significance
- Rabies Rabies is a disease caused by neurotropic viruses of the Genus Lyssavirus in the family Rhabdoviridae of the order Mononegavirales. Of all strains identified to date classical rabies virus (RABV) is the most important for human and animal health.
- Infection with RABV results in a fatal disease affecting the central nervous system of all warm-blooded animals. The disease is of major economic and public health significance.
- All mammals are susceptible, particularly members of the order Carnivora and Chiroptera. Birds also susceptible but less so than mammals.
- Zoonotic: fatal to humans
- The World Health Organization estimates that rabies causes in excess of 59,000 human deaths per year worldwide (2020) and that under-reporting of cases means that this number is likely much higher.
- A notifiable disease in many countries Farmers guide to UK notifiable diseases.
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Resting Forms
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Clinical Effects
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Diagnosis
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed Papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Bassuino D M, Konradt G, Cruz R A et al (2016) Characterization of spinal cord lesions in cattle and horses with rabies: the importance of correct sampling. J Vet Diagn Invest 28 (4), 455-460 PubMed.
- Harvey A M, Watson J L, Brault S A et al (2016) Duration of serum antibody response to rabies vaccination in horses. JAVMA 249 (4), 411-418 PubMed.
- Green S L (1997) Rabies. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 13 (1), 1-11 PubMed.
- Hudson L V, Weinstock D, Jordan T & Bold-Fletcher N O (1996) Clinical Features of Experimentally Induced Rabies in Cattle and Sheep. Zoonoses & Public Health 43 (1-20), 85-95 WileyOnline.
Other sources of information
- Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs (2018) Rabies Control Strategy for Great Britain. Website: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk.
- Whittier W D (2006) Rabies in Cattle a Continual Threat in Virginia. Livestock Update Virginia State University. Website: www.sites.ext.vt.edu
- Rupprecht C E (1996) Rhabdoviruses: Rabies Virus. In: Medical Microbiology. 4th edn. Ed: Baron S. Website: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
- Dierks R E (1981) Disease of Cattle in the Tropics. In: Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science. Springer, Dordrecht. pp 107-121. DOI.
- World Health Organization (WHO) Epidemiology and Burden of Disease. Website: www.who.int.
- World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Terrestrial Animal Health Code. Website: www.oie.int.
- World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Rabies (Infection with Rabies Virus and Other Lyssaviruses. Website: www.oie.int (pdf online).