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Moraxella catarrhalis

ISSN 2398-2969

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Introduction

Classification

Taxonomy

  • Kingdom: Bacteria.
  • Phylum: Proteobacteria.
  • Class: Gammaproteobacteria.
  • Order: Pseudomonadales.
  • Family: Moraxellaceae.
  • Genus:Moraxella.
  • Species:catarrahalis.

Etymology

  • Moraxellais named after Victor Morax, a Swiss ophthalmologist who first described this genus of bacteria.
  • Catarrhalis is derived from the Greek word catarrh, meaning to flow down:
    • GK: cata- - down;-rrh - flow.
    • This describes the discharge from eyes and nose.

Distribution

  • Worldwide.

Significance

  • Usually a commensal in the nasal cavity of healthy animals, including rabbits.
  • Can cause disease if nasal mucosa is compromised such as in cases where there is high ammonia build up.
  • Often secondary infection due to other underlying causes, such as respiratory infection or dental disease.

Active Forms

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Resting Forms

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Clinical Effects

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Diagnosis

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Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
  • Murphy T F & Parameswaran G I (2009) Moraxella catarrhalis, a human respiratory tract pathogen. Clin Infect Dis 49 (1), 124-131 PubMed.
  • Rougier S, Galland D, Boucher S et al (2006) Epidemiology and susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria responsible for upper respiratory tract infections in pet rabbits. Vet Microbiol 115 (1-3), 192-198 PubMed.

Other sources of information

  • Hedley J (2014) Respiratory Disease. In:BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine and Surgery. 3rd edn. Eds: Meredith A & Reusch B. BSAVA, Gloucester.
  • Oglesbee B (2011) Conjunctivitis. In:Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Small Mammal. Wiley Blackwell, Iowa.
  • Keeble E (2006) Nervous and Musculoskeletal Disorders. In:BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine and Surgery. 2nd edn. Eds: Meredith A & Flecknell P. BSAVA, Gloucester.
  • Meredith A (2006) Respiratory Disorders. In:BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine and Surgery. 2nd edn. Eds: Meredith A & Flecknell P. BSAVA, Gloucester.