Kidney: developmental anomaly in Cats (Felis) | Vetlexicon
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Kidney: developmental anomaly

ISSN 2398-2950

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Synonym(s): renal

Introduction

  • Cause: familial disease in certain breeds.
  • Signs: usually asymptomatic, occasionally present with chronic renal failure Kidney: chronic kidney disease.
  • Diagnosis: radiography, ultrasonography.
  • Treatment: none.
  • Prognosis: guarded if chronic renal failure, animal may be normal.

Presenting signs

  • Usually incidental finding.

Age predisposition

  • Young.
  • Adult.

Pathogenesis

Etiology

  • Congenital.
  • Familial.

Pathophysiology

Agenesis

  • Unilateral agenesis is usually asymptomatic (unless other kidney is damaged).
  • More commonly affects right kidney than left.
  • In female ipsilateral uterine horn is absent but ovary normal.
    If one uterine horn absent at time of spay check for presence of kidney.

Fusion

  • Isolated reports but very rare.

Ectopia

  • Isolated case reports of congenital ectopia, frequently bilateral.
  • Occasionally occurs as a result of trauma Kidney: trauma.

Congenital polycystic disease

Primary familial nephropathy

  • Abnormal development of renal parenchyma  →  immature glomeruli and other inappropriate structures  →  renal failure.
  • ?Not reported in cats.
  • Familial amyloidosis Amyloidosis in Abyssinian cats Abyssinian. Also described in Siamese Siamese and Oriental cats Oriental shorthair.

Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Prevention

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Outcomes

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Further Reading

Publications

Refereed papers

  • Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
  • McIntyre R L, Levy J K, Roberts J F et al (2010) Developmental uterine anomalies in cats and dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. J Am Vet Med Assoc 237(5), 542-546 PubMed.  
  • Bonazzi M, Volta A, Gnudi G et al (2009) Comparison between ultrasound and genetic testing for the early diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Exotic Shorthair cats. J Feline Med Surg 11(6),430-434 PubMed.   
  • D'Ippolito P, Nicoli S, Zatelli A (2006) Proximal ureteral ectopia causing hydronephrosis in a kitten. J Feline Med Surg 8(6), 420-423 PubMed.   
  • Reichle J K, DiBartola S P, Léveillé R (2002) Renal ultrasonographic and computed tomographic appearance, volume, and function of cats with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 43(4), 368-373 PubMed
  • King G J & Johnson E H (2000) Hypospadias in a Himalayan cat. JSAP 41 (11), 508-510 PubMed.
  • Miller R H, Lehmkuhl L B, Smeak D D et al (1999) Effect of enalapril on blood pressure, renal function, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in cats with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Am J Vet Res 60 (12), 1516-1525 PubMed.
  • Johnson C A (1979) Renal ectopia in a cat - a case report and literature review. JAAHA 15 (5), 599-602 VetMedResource.
  • Robinson G W (1965) Uterus unicornis and unilateal renal agenesis in a cat. JAVMA 147 (5), 516-8 PubMed.