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Trichiasis
Introduction
- Cause: normal facial hair (usually from the eyelid) is abnormally angled so that it contacts the cornea .
- Occasionally seen in Persians with prominent nasal folds and medial lower lid entropion.
- Can also result from eyelid scarring → lid distortion and lid colobomas and lid neoplasia Eyelid and conjunctiva: neoplasia (especially squamous cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma).
- Signs: red eye, ocular discharge, ocular pain, corneal ulceration.
- Diagnosis: history, signs.
- Treatment: surgical.
- Prognosis: good-fair. Recurrence possible.
Presenting signs
- Red eye.
- Ocular pain.
- Wet eye.
- Corneal ulceration Ulcerative keratitis.
Breed/Species predisposition
- Persian Persian longhair.
Cost considerations
- Ranges from simple surgical correction to reconstructive eyelid surgery.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Prominent nasal folds.
- Iatrogenic (previous eyelid surgery causing lid distortion) → scarring.
- Eyelid injury → scarring Eyelid: laceration.
- Eyelid coloboma → abnormal eyelid margin.
Predisposing factors
General
- Prominent nasal folds.
Pathophysiology
- Persians: prominent nasal folds → corneal irritation → superficial keratitis Ulcerative keratitis (often secondary sequestrum formation).
- Cicatricial: previous eyelid scarring (often iatrogenic) → lid distortion → trichiasis.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Dziezyc J & Millichamp N J (1989) Surgical correction of eyelid agenesis in a cat. JAAHA 25 (5), 513-516 VetMedResource.
- Bellhorn R W, Barnett K C & Henkind P (1971) Ocular colobomas in domestic cats. JAVMA 159 (8), 1015-1021 PubMed.