felis - Articles
Stomach: chronic gastritis
Synonym(s): gastric
Introduction
- Chronic signs of gastric disease, with concurrent chronic inflammatory changes in gastric mucosa.
- Cause: damage to gastric mucosal barrier allows back-diffusion of acid leading to further mucosal damage.
- Signs: vomiting.
- Diagnosis: histopathology (gastric mucosa).
- Treatment: eliminate underlying cause, dietary manipulation, antacid therapy, anti-emetics.
- Prognosis: good if underlying cause treated.
Presenting signs
- Gastric disease is relatively common in the cat.
- Vomiting - may be intermittent and character of vomitus variable from food/hair to bile-stained fluid.
- +/-weight loss.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Often not determined.
- Ingested material causing mucosal damage:
- Drugs, eg aspirin Acetyl salicylic acid.
- Toxins.
- Dietary constituents.
- Hair.
- Long-term foreign bodies Stomach: gastric foreign body:
- Hairballs.
- Small toys.
- Needles.
- Immune-mediated in inflammatory bowel disease, eg inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory bowel disease: overview.
- Disorders outside GI tract :
- Hepatitis Liver: toxic hepatitis.
- Uremia Uremia.
- Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism.
- Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatitis.
- Ketoacidotic diabetes mellitus Diabetic ketoacidosis,
- Infectious agents:
- Enteric viruses.
- Gastric bacteria, eg Helicobacter Helicobacter spp eading to gastritis Gastritis: helicobacter.
- Parasites, eg ascarids, Ollulanus tricuspis which may lead to severe fibrosing gastritis.
Pathophysiology
- Damage to gastric mucosal barrier → allows back-diffusion of gastric acid and pepsin → local inflammation extending deeper → degranulation of enterochromaffin-like cells in submucosa and lamina propria → histamine stimulates further production of hydrochloric acid → further mucosal damage.
Timecourse
- Months.
Diagnosis
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Treatment
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Prevention
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Outcomes
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Marks S L, Kook P H, Papich M G, Tolbert M K, Willard M D (2018) ACVIM consensus statement: Support for rational administration of gastrointestinal protectants to dogs and cats. JVIM 32(6), 1823-1840 PubMed Full Article.
- Neiger R & Simpson K W (2000) Helicobacter infection in dogs and cats: facts and fiction. JVIM 14 (2), 125-133 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Burrows C F (1996) Gastric disease. In: Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology. BSAVA, Cheltenham. pp 90-113.