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Lymphocytic / plasmacytic enteritis
Introduction
- An idiopathic chronic inflammatory disease of small and/or large intestine Inflammatory bowel disease: overview.
- Cause: unknown; immune-mediated sensitivity to range of possible antigens, eg diet, parasite, bacteria etc.
- Signs: vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss.
- Diagnosis: intestinal biopsy and histopathology, (infiltration of lamina propria by lymphocytes and plasmacytes).
- Treatment: diet and immunosuppression.
Presenting signs
- Chronic vomiting.
- Diarrhea.
- Weight loss.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Unknown.
- Genetic, bacterial, immunological and mucosal permeability factors likely.
- Some cats respond to antigen restricted or antigen modified diets Diarrhea: dietary, anti-giardial drugs Giardiasis, or antibiotics against intestinal bacteria Therapeutics: gastrointestinal system.
Pathophysiology
- Hypothesized hypersensitivity to antigen(s) → chronic inflammation → loss of mucosal integrity and increased permeability → antigens can access lamina propria → further immune reaction and inflammation → malabsorption → protein-losing enteropathy.
- May be a non-specific reaction to a variety of agents.
Timecourse
- Chronic.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Guilford W G, Jones B R, Markwell P J et al (2001) Food sensitivity in cats with chronic idiopathic gastrointestinal problems. JVIM 15 (1), 7-13 PubMed.
- Simpson K W, Fyfe J, Cornetta A et al (2001) Subnormal concentrations of serum cobalamin (vitamin B12) in cats with gastrointestinal disease. JVIM 15 (1), 26-32 PubMed.
- Weiss D J, Gagne J M & Armstrong P J (1996) Relationship between inflammatory hepatic disease and inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and nephritis in cats. JAVMA 209 (6), 1114-1116 PubMed.
- Yamasaki K, Suematsu H, Takahashi T (1996) Comparison of gastric and duodenal lesions in dogs and cats with and without lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis. JAVMA 209 (1), 95-97 PubMed.
- Edwards D F, Russell R G (1987) Probable vitamin K-deficient bleeding in two cats with malabsorption syndrome secondary to lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis. J Vet Intern Med 1 (3), 97-101 PubMed.
- Willard M D, Dalley J B, Trapp A L (1985) Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis in a cat. JAVMA 186 (2), 181-182 PubMed.