Eosinophilic plaque
Introduction
- Cause: various hypersensitivity disorders or heritable.
- Signs: erythematous, raised, exudative lesions anywhere on the body including oral cavity.
- Diagnosis: history and clinical signs, and trial treatments for underlying causes.
- Treatment: identification and correction of underlying cause. Symptomatic.
- Prognosis: excellent if underlying disorder is identified and treated.
Presenting signs
- Focal area of intense pruritus.
- Erythematous, raised, exudative lesions anywhere on the skin but particularly on the ventral abdomen or the medial thighs .
- May be single or multiple.
- May have a peripheral lymphadenopathy Lymphadenopathy.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
Hypersensitivity- Flea bite hypersensitivity Flea bite hypersensitivity.
- Food sensitivity Food hypersensitivity.
- Atopy Skin: atopic dermatitis.
- Insect hypersensitivity Insect stings and envenomation.
Ectoparasites
- Cheyletiellosi Cheyletiellosis.
- Otodectes cynotis Otodectes disease.
- Pediculosis Pediculosis.
- Notoedric mange Notoedric mange.
- Trombiculiasis Neotrombicula autumnalis infestation.
- Lynxacarus radovsky infestation.
Infection
- Bacterial skin disease Bacterial skin disease: overview (this is considered to be a secondary pathology).
- Dermatophytosis Dermatophytosis.
Other causes
- Genetic factors.
Pathophysiology
- Hypersensitivity thought to be causative in most cases.
- Inflammation (typically hypersensitivity or ectoparasites) → cellular infiltration by mast cells and eosinophils.
- Mast cell degranulation → release of eosinophil chemotactic factors.
- Eosinophilic granules → down regulation of inflammation, parasite destruction and collagenolysis.
- Self trauma → ulceration → 2° bacterial infection.
Diagnosis
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Treatment
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Prevention
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Outcomes
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Wildermuth B E, Griffin C E & Rosenkrantz (2011) Response of feline eosinophilic plaques and lip ulcers to amoxicillin trihydrate-clavulanate potassium therapy: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled prospective study. Vet Dermatol 23 (2), 110-8 PubMed.
- Lee M, Bosward K L, Norris J M (2010) Immunohistochemical evaluation of feline herpes-1 infection in feline eosinophilic dermatoses or stomatitis. J Feline Med Surg 12 (2), 72-79 PubMed.
- Bardagí M, Fondati A, Fondevila D et al (2003) Ultrastructural study of cutaneous lesions in feline eosinoophilic granuloma complex. Vet Dermatol 14 (6), 297-303 PubMed.
- Kimura T, Kano R, Maeda S et al (2003) Expression of RANTES mRNA in skin lesions of feline eosinophilic plaque. Vet Dermatol 14 (5), 269-273 PubMed.
- Fondati A, Fondevila D & Ferrer L (2001) Histopathological study of feline eosinophilic dermatoses. Vet Dermatol 12 (6), 333-338 PubMed.
- Scarampella F, Abramo F & Noli C (2001) Clinical and histological evaluation of an analogue of palmitoylethanolamide 120 (comicronized Palmidrol INN) in cats with eosinophilic granuloma and eosinophilic plaque - a pilot study. Vet Dermatol 12 (1), 29-39 PubMed.
- Power H T, Ihrke P J (1995) Selected feline eosinophilic skin diseases. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 25 (4), 833-850 PubMed.
- Moriello K A, Kunkle G, Miller L M et al (1990) Lack of autologous tissue transmission of eosinophilic plaques in cats. Am J Vet Res 51 (7), 995-998 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Miller W H, Griffin C E & Campbell K L (2013) Feline eosinophilic granuloma complex. In: Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology. Miller WH, Griffin C E & Campbell K L (eds). Elsevier Mosby, St Louis, Missouri, pp 714.
- Gross T et al (2005) Ulcerative and crusting dermatoses of the epidermis. In: Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat, Clinical and Histopathologic Diagnosis. Ames Blackwell Science, pp 116.
- Gross T et al (2005) Nodular and diffuse diseases of the dermis with prominent eosinophils, neutrophils or plasma cells. In: Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat, Clinical and HIstopathologic Diagnosis. Ames Blackwell Science, pp 342.
- Rosenkrantz W S (1992) Feline eosinophilic granuloma complex. In: Griffin C E, Kwochka K W, MacDonald J M (eds) Current Veterinary Dermatology: the Science and Art of Therapy. Mosby Year Book, St Louis, pp 319.