Alprazolam
Introduction
Name
- Alprazolam/Xanax.
Class of drug
- Benzodiazepine.
Description
Chemical name
- 8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine
Molecular formula
- C17H3ClN4
Molecular weight
- 308.769
Physical properties
- Solid.
Storage requirements
- Alprazolam is stable under standard storage conditions when recommended maintaining the medication in tightly closed container kept in a dry and well ventilated space.
Uses
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Administration
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Pharmacokinetics
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Precautions
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Withdrawal Periods
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Adverse Reactions
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed Papers
- Recent references from VetMedResource and PubMed.
- Bushnell G A et al (2017) Simultaneous antidepressant and bendzodiazepine new use and subsequent long-term benzodiazepine use in adults with depression, United States, 2001-2014). JAMA Psychiatry 74 (7), 747-735 PubMed.
- Baldwin D S et al (2013) Benzodiazepines: Risks and benefits. A reconsideration. J Psychopharm 27 (11), 867-971 PubMed.
- Soler L I, Boix A, Lauroba J, Colom H & Domenech J (2012) Transdermal delivery of alprazolam from a monolithic patch: formulation based on in vitro characterization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 38 (10), 1171-1178 PubMed.
- Singh A P, Saraf S K & Saraf S A (2012) SLN approach for nose-to-brain delivery of alprazolam. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2 (6), 498-507 PubMed.
- Ibáñez M, Anzola B (2009) Use of fluoxetine, diazepam, and behaviour modification as therapy for treatment of anxiety-related disorders in dogs. J Vet Behav Clin Appl Res 4, 223-229.
- Sherman B L, Mills D S (2008) Canine anxieties and phobias: An update on separation anxiety and noise aversions. Vet Clin North Am Sm Anim Pract 38, 1081-1106 PubMed.
- Crowell-Davis S L et al (2003) Use of clomipramine, alprazolam, and behaviour modification for treatment of storm phobia in dogs. JAVMA 222 (6),744-748 PubMed.
- Verster J C, Volkerts E R (2004) Clinical pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and behavioral toxicity of alprazolam: a review of the literature. CNS Drug Reviews 10, 45-76 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Ramsey I (2017) Alpraxolam. In: BSAVA Small Animal Formulary. 9th edn. pp 12.
- Overall K L (2013) Manual of Clinical Behavioral Medicine for Dogs and Cats. Elsevier.