Celiotomy in Reptiles | Vetlexicon
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Celiotomy

ISSN 2398-2985

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Synonym(s): Laparotomy

Introduction

  • Surgical celiotomy provides optimal exposure to the coelomic cavity for exploratory, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
  • Indications include organ biopsy, reproductive, urinary and gastrointestinal surgery.
  • Surgical approaches vary by species and indication.

Uses

  • Biopsy of coelomic organs and masses Biopsy overview.
  • Determine and treat causes of hemorrhage or effusion.
  • Gastrointestinal surgery, including gastrotomy Gastrotomy / gastrectomy, enterotomy and enterectomy Enterotomy / enterectomy.
  • Reproductive surgery, including orchidectomy, ovariectomy, salpingectomy and salpingotomy.
  • Urinary surgery, including nephrectomy and cystotomy.
  • Coelomic lavage in cases of coelomitis.

Advantages

  • Good visualization and access.

Disadvantages

  • Risks of general anesthesia, particularly in compromised animals.
  • Risks of post-operative complications, including infection and wound dehiscence.
  • Longer recovery time, larger incision and more post-operative discomfort than celioscopy.

Alternative techniques

  • Celioscopy Celioscopy:
    • Requires experience.
    • Requires special equipment.
    • May not give required access for manipulation of larger structures.

Time required

Preparation

  • 20-30 min to assemble required equipment, induce anesthesia and prepare surgical site.
  • As with any anesthesia in reptiles Anesthesia overview, there must be adequate time to ensure the animal is at its preferred optimal temperature beforehand.

Procedure

  • Variable depending on specific procedure.

Decision taking

Criteria for choosing test

  • Organ biopsy where celioscopy disadvantageous or unavailable.
  • Surgical procedures where celioscopy is contraindicated, does not provide adequate access or is unavailable.

Risk assessment

  • Risk assessment broadly similar to that for general anesthesia in reptiles.
  • Hypovolemia, dehydration and hypothermia must be corrected.
  • Co-morbidities and chronicity of disease should be taken into account.
  • Basic bloods including uric acid, TP and PCV should be considered.

Requirements

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Preparation

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Technique

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Aftercare

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