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Blood biochemistry: alkaline phosphatase
Synonym(s): ALP, Serum alkaline phosphatase, SAP
Overview
- Number of isoenzymes produced in a range of tissues.
- Increased plasma levels are derived from liver and bone and intestine.
- Good indicator of cholestasis - increases before plasma bilirubin.
- Non-specific for liver disease as may rise in extra-hepatic cholestasis, bone disease/fractures, intestinal disease.
Uses
Alone
- Cholestasis.
- Bone disease/remodeling.
In combination
- Liver disease.
- Intestinal disease.
- Useful to distinguish liver/bone disease from tissue damage (handling/venipuncture) as ALKP does not rise in these situations whereas CK does.
Sampling
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Tests
Methodologies
- Method and normal range may vary between laboratories.
- Electrophoretic or other separation method necessary to measure activity of individual isoenzymes.
Availability
- Routine test.
Technique intrinsic limitations
- Test results most significant when interpreted in conjunction with other laboratory results and clinical findings.
Result Data
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Meredith A & Rayment L (2000) Liver disease in rabbits. Sem Avian Exotic Pet Med 9 (3), 146-152.
- Benson K G & Paul-Murphy J (1999) Clinical pathology of the domestic rabbit: acquisition and interpretation of samples. Vet Clin North Am Exotic Anim Pract 2 (3), 539-552 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Bourne D (2016) Clinical Pathology of Lagomorphs. In: Wildpro. Website: http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org
- Wesche P (2014) Clinical Pathology. In: BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine.Eds: Meredith A & Lord B. BSAVA, UK. pp 124-137.
- Varga M (2014) Laboratory Medicine. Avian and Exotic Pets. W B Saunders Co. ISBN: 0721676790.
- Fudge A M (1999) Laboratory Medicine. Avian and Exotic Pets. W B Saunders Co. ISBN: 0721676790.