equis - Articles
Nose: polyps
Introduction
- Rare.
- Benign pedunculated inflammatory proliferation enclosed in a mucous membrane.
- Cause: granulomatous polyps are a possible complication of dental peri-apical disease.
- Ethmoid hematoma (PIEH) Ethmoid: hematoma is also considered a type of polyp by some clinicians.
- Signs: nasal obstruction, variable nasal discharge and occasionally protrusion from nostril.
- Diagnosis: endoscopy, radiography, biopsy.
- Treatment: surgical excision.
- Prognosis: good but may recur.
Presenting signs
- Exercise intolerance.
- Respiratory noise.
- Nasal discharge.
- Mild, intermittent epistaxis.
- Protrusion from nostril.
Acute presentation
- Stertorous respiratory noise.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Unknown.
- ? Chronic irritation.
Specific
- Polyps can occur following allergic or other inflammatory disorders in the underlying mucosa.
- Granulomatous polyps are a possible complication of dental peri-apical disease.
Pathophysiology
- Pedunculated mass of inflammatory tissue, comprising connective tissue covered by respiratory epithelium.
- Attached to conchae or nasal septum.
- May be bilateral.
- Clinical signs are related to the space-occupying effect of the polyp in the nasal cavity.
- May grow very large (>20 cm diameter).
Timecourse
- Months to years.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Head H & Dixon P M (1998) Equine nasal and paranasal sinus neoplasms. Part 1: review of the literature on tumor classification. Vet J 157 (3), 261-278 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Caron J P (1999) Diseases of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses - Nasal Polyps. In: Equine Medicine & Surgery. Mosby, USA. pp 490.