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Penis: phallectomy – William technique
Introduction
- William’s technique is one of a number of techniques of partial phallectomy in stallions, ie removal of part of the penis.
- Like Vinsot’s technique, William’s technique may be considered surgically simpler than Scott’s technique.
- The advantage of William’s technique compared to Vinsot’s technique is that it the risk of urethral stricture is decreased because the distance along the penis at which the triangular segment removed from the ventral side of the penis is also the site of penile amputation, and the apex of that triangle is directed proximally rather than distally.
Uses
- Permanent penile paralysis accompanied by irreparable penile damage Penis: paralysis / priapism.
- Extensive penile neoplasia for which more conservative methods of treatment or surgery (eg cryotherapy, local excision, segmental posthetomy (‘reefing’)) are insufficient or have failed, especially if the tunica albuginea has been invaded or other treatments have failed - squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma Penis: neoplasia.
- Geldings with urethral stenosis distal to prepucial orifice.
Advantages
- Good success in squamous cell carcinoma of the penis, especially the glans, if removed with wide margin.
Disadvantages
- Usually (unless the glans penis only is amputated in which case in some stallions only ability to copulate may be preserved) renders stallions unable to copulate - therefore not for use in breeding stallions.
- Requires general anesthesia Anesthesia: general - overview.
- Not suitable for neoplasia removal if evidence of lymphatic spread which would require en bloc resection.
Alternative techniques
- Scott technique Penis: phallectomy - Scott technique.
- Vinsot technique Penis: phallectomy - Vinsot technique.
Time required
Preparation
- General anesthetic Reproduction: anesthesia induction and maintenance: 20 min.
Procedure
- 45-75 min.
Decision taking
Criteria for choosing test
- Penile paralysis Penis: paralysis / priapism.
- Urethral stenosis.
- Penile neoplasia Penis: neoplasia.
- Penile trauma Penis: trauma.
Risk assessment
- Post-operative hemorrhage.
- Dehiscence with stricture.
- Infection.
Requirements
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Preparation
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Technique
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Aftercare
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Rizk A, Mosbah E, Karrouf G & Abou Alsoud M (2013) Surgical Management of penile and preputial neoplasms in equine with special reference to partial phallectomy. J Vet Med, 891413 PubMed.
- Perkins J D, Schumacher J, Waguespack R W & Hanrath M (2003) Penile retroversion and partial phallectomy in a standing horse. Vet Rec 153 (6), 184-185 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Schumacher J & Varner D D (2011) Surgery of the Penis and Prepuce. In: Equine Reproduction. Eds: McKinnon A O, Squires E L, Vaala W E & Varner D D. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, UK. pp 1562-1571.
- Williams W L (1943) The Diseases of the Genital Organs of Domestic Animals. Ethel Williams Plimpton, USA. pp 201-436.