equis - Articles
Methotrexate
Synonym(s): MTX, Amethopterin
Introduction
Name
- Type Trade names in the USA include Trexall, Rheumatrex and Amethopterin.
- Available as 100 mg and 500 mg bottles of methotrexate solution at 25 mg/ml concentration.
- Also 2.5 mg tablets.
Class of drug
- Prescription only human medicine in UK, USA, Canada and Australia.
Description
Chemical name
- 4-amino-N10-methylpteroyl glutamic acid.
Molecular formula
- C20H22N805.
Molecular weight
- 454.45 g/mol.
Physical properties
- Supplied as a solid powder, which is mixed with sterile water.
- It is soluble at 19°C/66.2°F.
- It is also soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide.
- Tablet formulations are also available.
Storage requirements
- The powder should be stored at -20°C/-4°F.
- Tablets can be stored at 25°C/77°F and protected from light.
Uses
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Administration
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Pharmacokinetics
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Precautions
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Withdrawal Periods
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Adverse Reactions
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed Papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Hazlewood G S et al (2016) Methotrexate monotherapy and methotrexate combination therapy with traditional and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis: A network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 29, 8 BMJ.
- Bello T R, Amborski G F & Torbert B J (1973) Effects of the immunosuppressant methotrexate in ponies. Am J Vet Res 34 (10), 1291-1297 PubMed.
- Ward J M & Whitlock R H (1967) Chemotherapy of equine leukemia with amethopterin. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 62 (10), 1003-1008 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- FEI (2012) 2012 Equine Prohibited Substances List. Website: www.feicleansport.org (PDF). Last Accessed 2nd September 2016.