equis - Articles
Cyclosporine
Synonym(s): Ciclosporin, cyclosporine, cyclosporin A, CsA
Introduction
Name
- Ciclosporin (INN/BAN), formerly cyclosporin.
- Cyclosporine (USAN).
Class of drug
- Immunosuppressant.
Description
Chemical name
- (E)-14,17,26,32-tetrabutyl-5-ethyl-8-(1-hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-enyl) -1,3,9,12,15,18,20,23,27-nonamethyl-11,29-dipropyl-1,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30- undecaazacyclodotriacontan-2,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undecaone.
Molecular formula
- C62 H111 N11 O12 .
Molecular weight
- 1202.61.
Physical properties
- Poor solubility in water.
- Translucent colorless to light yellow ointment.
Storage requirements
- Optimmune® datasheet states, shelf-life of 1 month after first opening.
- Do not store >25°C.
- Do not freeze.
Uses
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Administration
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Pharmacokinetics
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Precautions
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Withdrawal Periods
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Adverse Reactions
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Gilger B C, Wilkie D A, Clode A B et al (2010) Long-term outcome after implantation of a suprachoroidal cyclosporine drug delivery device in horses with recurrent uveitis. Vet Ophthal 13 (5), 294-300 PubMed.
- Gilger B C, Michau T M & Salmon J H (2005) Immune-mediated keratitis in horses: 19 cases (1998-2004). Vet Ophthal 8 (4), 233-239 PubMed.
- Gratzek A T, Kaswan R L, Martin C L et al (1995) Ophthalmic cyclosporine in equine keratitis and keratouveitis: 11 cases. Equine Vet J 27 (5), 327-333 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Matthews A (2004) Ophthalmic Therapeutics. In: Equine Clinical Pharmacology. Eds: Bertone J & Horspool L. pp 217-246.
- Report a Suspect Adverse Reaction. Veterinary Medicines Directorate. Website: www.vmd.defra.gov.uk.