Vestibulovaginal stenosis
Introduction
- Cause: persistence and thickening of embryonic membrane separating vagina from vestibular region.
- Signs: only of clinical significance in breeding bitch - male unable to mate.
- Treatment: episiotomy and surgical reconstruction.
- Prognosis: fair.
Presenting signs
- Asymptomatic.
- Male unable to mate.
Special risks
- May reform/scar back.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Embryonic anomaly.
- May be inherited.
Predisposing factors
General- None known.
Pathophysiology
- Septate or circumferential.
- Persistence and thickening of embryonic membrane separating vagina from vestibular region.
Timecourse
- Should be found at pre-breeding vaginal examination.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Kyles A E, Vaden S, Hardie E M et al (1996) Vestibulovaginal stenosis in dogs. JAVMA 209 (11), 1889-1893 PubMed.