canis - Articles
Bladder: trauma rupture
Introduction
- Cause: blunt abdominal trauma, urethral obstruction, neoplasia, iatrogenic.
In all cases of traumatic injury warn owner of potential complications at time of injury. - Signs: anuria/hematuria, frequent unsuccessful attempts to urinate, stranguria, abdominal distension (later), vomiting.
- Diagnosis: clinical signs, contrast radiography, serum biochemistry abnormalities, sometimes presence of uroabdomen.
- Treatment: surgery.
- Prognosis: favorable if early treatment and no renal damage.
Presenting signs
- Anuria/hematuria.
- Frequent unsuccessful attempts to urinate.
- Abdominal distension (later).
- Vomiting Vomiting.
Acute presentation
- Shock Shock.
Special risks
- Trauma patient may have multiple injuries and full assessment is required BEFORE undertaking treatment, eg surgery.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Blunt abdominal trauma: road traffic accident (RTA), kick, penetrating abdominal trauma Abdomen: trauma.
- Urethral obstruction Urethra: obstruction : urolithiasis Urolithiasis , neoplasia Bladder: neoplasia , bladder retroflexion.
- Neoplastic infiltration.
- Iatrogenic (surgical misadventure, urethral catheterizaton, manual evacuation).
Pathophysiology
- Progressive elevation blood urea/creatinine.
- Chemical peritonitis: dehydration, hypochloremia Hypochloremia , hyponatremia Hyponatremia , hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia , anemia Anemia: overview , hypoproteinemia Hypoproteinemia. May take 2-3 days to develop.
Timecourse
- Hours to days.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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