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Salivary gland: necrotizing sialometaplasia
Synonym(s): Sialadenitis, Salivary gland infarction, Salivary gland necrosis
Introduction
- Rare inflammatory process confined to mandibular glands.
- Cause: unknown: viral, immune-mediated.
- Signs: acute pain and swelling of glands.
- Treatment: poor response to treatment- medical/surgical.
- Prognosis: guarded.
Presenting signs
- Acute retropharyngeal/salivary gland pain.
- Swelling of salivary gland (usually mandibular/sublingual, reported also in the parotid).
- Signs of systemic disease (depression).
- Retching/gulping.
- Vomiting/regurgitation.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Unknown: ?viral, ?immune-mediated, ?compartment syndrome.
Specific
- Spirocercosis Canine spirocercosis /other esophageal disease sometimes associated with salivary signs.
Pathophysiology
- Proposed possible pathogeneses:
- Similar to hypertrophic osteopathy Hypertrophic osteopathy , but with salivary glands instead of limbs as efferent target since lesions may regress on treatment of associated pathology (esophageal disease).
- Compartment syndrome: necrosis resulting from rapidly developing swelling confined in a structure with a tight and strong capsule.
Timecourse
- Weeks to months.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Kim H Y, Woo G H et al (2010) Necrotizing sialometaplasia of the parotid gland in a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 22 (6), 975-977 PubMed.
- Schroeder H & Berry W L (1998) Salivary gland necrosis in dogs - a retrospective study of 19 cases. JSAP 39 (3), 121-125 PubMed.
- Brooks D G, Hottinger H A, Dunstan R W (1995) Canine necrotizing sialometaplasia: a case report and reveiw of the literature. JAAHA 31 (1), 21-25 PubMed.
- Cooke M M & Guilford W G (1992) Salivary gland necrosis in a wire-haired fox terrier. NZ Vet J 40 (2), 69-72 PubMed.
- Spangler W L & Culbertson M R (1991) Salivary gland disease in dogs and cats 245 cases (1985-1988). JAVMA 198 (3), 465-469 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Dunning D (2003)Oral cavity: tongue, lips, cheeks, pharynx, and salivary glands.In:Textbook of Small Animal Surgery.3rd edn. Slatter D (ed), W B Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 553-561.
- Hedlund C S (2002)Surgery of the oral cavity and oropharynx.In:Small Animal Surgery. 2nd edn, T W Fossum (ed), Mosby, St. Louis, pp 274-307.
- Knecht C D (1998)Salivary glands.In:Current techniques in Small Animal Surgery.4th edn, Bojrab M J (ed), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp183-186.