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Prostatectomy
Synonym(s): prostate, surgery, urogenital
Introduction
- Removal of part or (rarely) the whole of the prostate gland.
Uses
- The indications are:
- Subtotal prostactectomy- for recurrent abscessation Prostate: abscessation or cystic disease Prostate: cyst.
- Total prostatectomy- forin situtumors Prostate: neoplasia. This procedure is infrequently performed (see below) - malignant neoplasia is almost always too advanced at presentation to justify surgical treatment.
Disadvantages
- Total prostatectomy is fraught with complications, especially urinary incontinence. It will not be described here. Specialist advice should be sought if this procedure is contemplated.
Alternative techniques
Recently, omentalization techniques Marsupialization: paraprostatic cyst have been described and provide an attractive alternative to subtotal prostatectomy for abscessation and cystic conditions of the prostate.
Time required
Preparation
- 15 min.
Procedure
- 1-2.5 hours.
Decision taking
Criteria for choosing test
- Clinical examination Prostate gland: clinical examination , prostate palpation, urinalysis, hematology (for elevated white blood cells Hematology: leukocyte (WBC) ) and imaging studies (plain X-rays, pneumocystogram, retrograde urethrography, ultrasound) should be useful in helping to choose the surgical technique appropriate for the patient.
- Usually the procedure will be one of:
- Prostatic omentalization.
- Subtotal prostatectomy.
- Drainage/marsupialization procedure.
- Radiography Radiography: abdomen may show evidence of disseminated malignancy, eg lumbar vertebral osteolysis secondary to metastasis from prostate carcinoma. In these cases, surgery of the prostate gland should not be performed: palliative treatment could be given.
Requirements
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Preparation
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Technique
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Aftercare
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Rawlings C A, Mahaffey M B, Barsanti J A et al (1997) Use of partial prostatectomy for treatment of prostatic abscesses and cysts in dogs. JAVMA 211 (7), 868-871 PubMed.
- Hardie E M, Stone E A, Spaulding K A et al (1989) Prostatectomy vs Drainage treatment of prostatic disease in the dog. Vet Surg 18 (1), 69 VetMedResource.