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Shoulder: luxation – traumatic
Introduction
- Uncommon, usually medial or lateral.
- Cause: moderate to severe trauma.
- Signs: acute onset, severe (usually non-weightbearing) forelimb lameness, typical posture.
- Often reduces spontaneously on manipulation.
- Treatment: dependent on direction of luxation/concurrent injury/whether recurrent.
Presenting signs
- Acute onset, non-weightbearing forelimb lameness.
- Variable/intermittent forelimb lameness exacerbated by exercise.
Breed/Species predisposition
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Moderate to severe trauma: fall or knock, especially when dog turns at speed.
Predisposing factors
General- Breed.
Specific
- Rupture of transverse humeral ligament - loss of cranial support allows cranial luxation.
Pathophysiology
- Generally lateral or medial luxation of scapulohumeral joint caused by moderate to severe trauma.
- Usually lateral or medial luxation caused by trauma to joint.
- Rarely cranial (may be associated with loss of cranial joint support with rupture of transverse humeral ligament) or caudal.
- Concurrent injuries always possible, eg fracture, brachial plexus involvement (especially lateral luxations).
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Vasseur P B (1983) Clinical results of surgical correction of shoulder luxation in dogs. JAVMA 182 (5), 503-505 PubMed.
- Leighton R L & Kagan K G (1976) Surgical repair of lateral shoulder luxation. Mod Vet Pract 57 (9), 702-703 PubMed.
- Leighton R L & Kagan K G (1976) Repair of medial shoulder luxation in dogs. Mod Vet Pract 57 (8), 604-606 PubMed.
- Kavit A Y & Pellegrino R (1968) Surgical correction of scapulohumeral luxation in a dog. JAVMA 153 (2), 180-181 PubMed.