Taxonomy

• Kingdom: Fungi.  
• Phylum: Ascomycota.  
• Class: Sordariomycetes. 
• Order: Ophiostomatales. 
• Family: Ophiostomataceae.  
• Genus: Sporothrix. 
• Species: Sporothrix brasiliensis.  
• The genus Sporothrix includes 53 species divided into clinical and environmental clades. The clinical clade comprises four species causing human and animal infections: S. brasiliensis, S. schenckii sensu stricto Sporothrix schenckii, S. globosa, and S. luriei. Most species are embedded in the environmental clade (ie S. pallida, S. stenoceras, S. inflata, S. humicola, etc.) and present lower pathogenic potential toward mammals. However, to differentiate the species it is necessary to use molecular tests. 

Etymology 

• New Latin, from Sporotrich-, Sporothrix, genus name, from spor- + Greek trich-, thrix hair. 

• Brazil, Argentina,Paraguay, Chile, and UK.  
• Among all medically relevant Sporothrix species, S. brasiliensis has the greatest potential for geographic dispersal. 

• Etiological agent of sporotrichosis (rose handler’s disease) Sporotrichosis, subcutaneous infection characterized by ulcers and nodules. 

⚠️There is a risk of zoonotic transmission, therefore care should be taken when handling affected animals (especially cats).

Refereed papers

• Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
• Gómez-Gaviria M, Martínez-Álvarez JA, Mora-Montes M (2023) Current Progress in Sporothrix brasiliensis Basic Aspects. J Fungi (Basel) 9(5), 533 PubMed https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9050533. 
• Almeida-Silva F, Rabello V B S, Scramignon-Costa B S, Zancopé-Oliveira R M, de Macedo P M, Almeida-Paes R (2022) Beyond Domestic Cats: Environmental Detection of Sporothrix brasiliensis DNA in a Hyperendemic Area of Sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. J Fungi (Basel) 8(6), 604 PubMed. 
• Barnacle J R, Chow Y J, Borman A M, Wyllie S, Dominguez V, Russell K, Roberts H, Armstrong-James D, Whittington A M (2022) The first three reported cases of Sporothrix brasiliensis cat-transmitted sporotrichosis outside South America. Med Mycol Case Rep 39, 14-17 PubMed. 
• Boechat J S, Oliveira M M E, Gremião I D F, Almeida-Paes R, Machado A C S, Zancopé-Oliveira R M, Oliveira R V C, Morgado D S, Corrêa M L, Figueiredo A B F, Menezes R C, Pereira S A (2022) Sporothrix brasiliensis and Feline Sporotrichosis in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (1998-2018). J Fungi (Basel) 8(7), 749 PubMed. 
• de Carvalho J A, Monteiro R C, Hagen F, Camargo Z P, Rodrigues A M (2022) Trends in Molecular Diagnostics and Genotyping Tools Applied for Emerging Sporothrix Species. J Fungi (Basel)  8(8), 809 PubMed. 
• Rabello V B S, Almeida-Silva F, Scramignon-Costa B S, Motta B D S, de Macedo P M, Teixeira M M, Almeida-Paes R, Irinyi L, Meyer W, Zancopé-Oliveira R M (2022) Environmental Isolation of Sporothrix brasiliensis in an Area With Recurrent Feline Sporotrichosis Cases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 12, 894297 PubMed. 
• Rachman R, Ligaj M, Chinthapalli S, Serafino Wani R (2022) Zoonotic acquisition of cutaneous Sporothrix braziliensis infection in the UK. BMJ Case Rep 15(5), e248418 PubMed. 
• Rodrigues A M, Gonçalves S S, de Carvalho J A, Borba-Santos L P, Rozental S, Camargo Z P (2022) Current Progress on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Sporotrichosis and Their Future Trends. J Fungi (Basel) 8(8), 776 PubMed. 
• Rossow J A, Queiroz-Telles F, Caceres D H, Beer K D, Jackson B R, Pereira J G, Ferreira Gremião I D, Pereira S A (2020) A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America. J Fungi (Basel) 6(4), 247 PubMed. 
• Córdoba S, Isla G, Szusz W, Vivot W, Hevia A, Davel G, Canteros C E (2018) Molecular identification and susceptibility profile of Sporothrix schenckii sensu lato isolated in Argentina. Mycoses 61(7), 441-448 PubMed. 
• Montenegro H, Rodrigues A M, Dias M A, da Silva E A, Bernardi F, de Camargo Z P (2014) Feline sporotrichosis due to Sporothrix brasiliensis: an emerging animal infection in São Paulo, Brazil. BMC Vet Res 10, 269 PubMed.
• Rodrigues A M, de Melo Teixeira M, de Hoog G S, Schubach T M, Pereira S A, Fernandes G F, Bezerra L M, Felipe M S, de Camargo Z P (2013) Phylogenetic analysis reveals a high prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in feline sporotrichosis outbreaks. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7(6), e2281 PubMed. 
• Oliveira M M, Almeida-Paes R, Muniz M M, Gutierrez-Galhardo M C, Zancope-Oliveira R M (2011) Phenotypic and molecular identification of Sporothrix isolates from an epidemic area of sporotrichosis in Brazil. Mycopathologia 172(4), 257-267 PubMed.