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Stomach: eosinophilic gastritis
Introduction
- Rare, eosinophilic infiltration of gastric mucosa - usually diffuse.
- May also affect small and large intestine.
- Cause: ?immune-mediated due to allergic/parasitic cause.
- Signs: chronic vomiting, often weight loss, hematemesis.
- Diagnosis: histopathology of gastric mucosa. Persistent circulating eosinophilia.
- Treatment: prednisolone initially, dietary for long term control. Anthelmintics to rule out parasitism.
- Prognosis: reasonable.
Presenting signs
- Chronic vomiting.
- Hematemesis.
- Weight loss.
- Melena.
Acute presentation
- Gastric perforation and peritonitis Peritonitis (very rare).
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Unknown.
- Immune-mediated disease associated with dietary factors or parasites.
Pathophysiology
- Eosinophilic infiltration, usually in mucosa but can affect other layers of stomach.
- Damage to gastric mucosal barrier may → ulceration.
- Thickening/granuloma in pyloric region → mechanical outflow obstruction (rare).
Timecourse
- Months.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Johnson S E (1992) Canine eosinphic gastroenterocolitis. Semin Vet Med Surg 7 (2), 145-52 PubMed.
- Stanton M E & Bright R M (1989) Gastroduodenal ulceration in dogs - retrospectice study of 43 cases and literature review. JVIM 3 (4), 238-244 PubMed.