canis - Articles
Radiography: myelography
Introduction
- Introduction of contrast into the subarachnoid space to allow visualization of the spinal cord.
Uses
- Investigation of:
- Back or neck pain.
- Neurological deficits thought to arise from spinal cord compression.
- Localization of site of compression if spinal surgery contemplated.
Advantages
- Relatively accurate for diagnosis of spinal cord compression and localization of lesion.
- May give some indication of likely etiology.
Disadvantages
- Risk of exacerbating lesion.
- Requires general anesthesia.
- Invasive.
- Contraindicated if increased CSF pressure or meningitis.
- Risk of seizures after procedure.
Technical problems
- Requires some experience on part of operator and ideally cadaver practice.
Alternative techniques
- MRI imaging of spine Magnetic resonance imaging: spine.
- CT imaging Computed tomography.
- Discography.
- Epidurography.
Time required
Preparation
- 15-20 min and time for general anesthesia.
Procedure
- 30 min upwards (depending on number of films required).
Decision taking
Criteria for choosing test
- Is the examination appropriate?
- Can you make the diagnosis without it?
- Will your management of the case be affected by the outcome of the examination?
Risk assessment
- Contraindicated if increased intracranial pressure due to risk of brain herniation through canal as pressure relieved.
- Contraindicated if myelomalacia suspected.
Requirements
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Preparation
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Technique
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Aftercare
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Hay C W, Muir P (2000) Tearing of the dura mater in three dogs. Vet Rec 146 (10), 279-282 PubMed.
- McKee W M, Penderis J & Dennis R (2000) Radiology corner - obstruction of contrast medium flow during cervical myelography. Vet Rad Ultra 41 (4), 342-343 PubMed.
- Widmer W R & Blevins W E (1991) Veterinary myelography - a review of contrast media, adverse effects and technique. JAAHA 27 (2), 163-77 VetMedResource.