Skin: sarcoptic mange
Introduction
- Cause: mite Sarcoptes scabiei Sarcoptes scabiei ; highly contagious to Canidae and humans (and many other mammals).
- Signs: pruritus, self-trauma (especially at predilection sites - hocks, elbows, pinnae, sternum).
- Diagnosis: pruritus, papules and crusting.
- Treatment: isoxazolines, imidacloprid, selamectin, lime sulfur dip, oral ivermectin, oral milbemycin.
- Prognosis: excellent - guarded if systemically ill.
Presenting signs
- Scratching and self-trauma at predilection sites.
- Crusting and papules.
- Lesions on owner.
- Systemic illness.
- Pyoderma.
Geographic incidence
- Worldwide.
Age predisposition
- More common in younger dogs.
Public health considerations
- Zoonotic - in-contact humans are often affected.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Sarcoptes scabiei Sarcoptes scabiei.
Predisposing factors
- Contact with other dogs or with fox carcases or fox dens
Pathophysiology
- Infection causes a pruritic reaction that is initially in relation to the number of mites.
- A hypersensitivity reaction can occur that hightens the pruritus.
- Some dogs will self cure after a few months.
- Some will develop a life-threatening dermatosis.
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Beugnet F, de Vos C, Liebenberg J et al (2016) Efficacy of afoxolaner in a clinical field study in dogs naturally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei. Parasite 23, 26 PubMed.
- Taenzler J, Liebenberg J, Rainer K A et al (2016) Efficacy of flualaner administered either orally or topically for the treatment of naturally acquired Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis infestation in dogs. Parasite Vectors 9 (1), 392 PubMed.
- Paradis M (1998) Ivermectin in small animal dermatology Part II. Extralabel applications. Comp Cont Ed Prac Vet 20 (4), 459-469 VetMedResource.
- Foley R H (1991) Parasitic mites of dogs and cats. Comp Cont Ed Prac Vet 13 (5), 783-800 VetMedResource.
- Schmeitzel L P (1988) Cheyletiellosis and scabies. Vet Clin North Am 18 (5), 1069-1076 PubMed.
- Smith E K (1988) How to detect common skin mites through skin scrapings. Vet Med 83 (2), 165-170 VetMedResource.
Other sources
- Miller W H Jr, Griffin C E & Campbell K L (2013) Canine scabies. In: Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology. 7th edition. W B Saunders, Philadelphia. pp 315-319.