canis - Articles
Skin: dermoid sinus
Synonym(s): Pilonidal sinus, pilonidal cyst, dermoid cyst
Introduction
- Cause: genetic epidermo-neural tube defect.
- Signs: Rhodesian Ridgeback most commonly affected.
- Varies from minor to severe, with neurologic signs.
- Diagnosis: breed, clinical signs, sinography.
- Treatment: minor problem, no treatment necessary; major problems require surgery.
- Prognosis: good.
Presenting signs
- Whorls of hair with hair tufts emerging from sinus or sinuses.
- Chiefly in Rhodesian Ridgeback Rhodesian Ridgeback and Ridgeback crosses, but also in several other breeds.
- Dorsal midline at cervical, cranial thoracic or lumbo-sacral sites.
- Neurological signs.
Age predisposition
- Young.
Breed/Species predisposition
- Rhodesian Ridgeback Rhodesian Ridgeback (autosomal recessive inheritance).
Cost considerations
- May need radiography/surgery.
- May be inconsequential.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Genetic defect.
Pathophysiology
- Neural tube defect resulting from incomplete separation of epidermis and neural tube.
- Infection may cause meningitis.
- Indentation of skin extending as a sac into the dermis.
- May extend through neural canal to dura mater.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Hillbertz N H & Andersson G (2006) Autosomal dominant mutation causing the dorsal ridge predisposes for dermoid sinus in Rhodesian ridgeback dogs. JSAP 47 (4), 184-188 PubMed.
- Hillbertz N H (2005) Inheritance of dermoid sinus in the Rhodesian ridgeback. JSAP 46 (2), 71-74 PubMed.
- Burrow R D (2004) A nasal dermoid sinus in an English bull terrier. JSAP 45 (11), 572-574 PubMed.
- Anderson D M & White R A (2002) Nasal dermoid sinus cysts in the dog. Vet Surg 31 (4), 303-308 PubMed.
- Cornegliani L, Jommi E & Vercelli A (2001) Dermoid sinus in a golden retriever. JSAP 42 (10), 514-516 PubMed.
- Tshamala M & Moens Y (2000) True dermoid cyst in a Rhodesian Ridgeback. JSAP 41 (8), 352-3 PubMed.
- Booth M J (1998) Atypical dermoid sinus in a Chow Chow dog. J S Afr Vet Assoc 69 (3), 102-104 PubMed.
- Mann G E & Stratton J (1966) Dermoid sinus in the Rhodesian Ridgeback. JSAP 7 (10), 631-42 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Braund K G (2002)Developmental Disorders. In:Clinical Neurology in Small Animals - Localization, Diagnosis and Treatment.Ed K G Braund. Ithaca: International Veterinary Information Service (www.ivis.org). Document no. B0217.0202.