canis - Articles
Skin: acute moist dermatitis
Synonym(s): Hotspot, Wet eczema
Introduction
- Cause: primary anal sacculitis, otitis externa, fleabite hypersensitivity, scabies, food allergy, atopy , poor coat hygiene.
- Signs: lesion = acute onset single or mulifocal area of moist erythema, alopecia, pruritus, apparent pain and exudation.
- Diagnosis: history, histopathology.
- Treatment: clip and clean +/- antibiotics + identification of underlying cause of pruritus.
- Prognosis: responds promptly to appropriate therapy, may recur.
Print off the owner factsheet Hot spots (wet eczema, pyotraumatic dermatitis) Hot spots (wet eczema, pyotraumatic dermatitis) to give to your client.
Presenting signs
- Severe pruritus with self-trauma.
- Rapidly developing moist exudative lesion.
Age predisposition
- Young dogs seem predisposed.
Breed/Species predisposition
- Golden Retriever Retriever: Golden.
- St Bernard Saint Bernard.
Cost considerations
- Control of primary cause may involve life-long management.
Pathogenesis
Etiology
Primary Causes
- Anal sacculitis Anal sacculitis.
- Otitis externa Skin: otitis externa.
- Fleabite hypersensitivity Skin: flea bite hypersensitivity.
- Ill-kept, dirty coat.
- Any intensely pruritic disease can trigger hot spots, eg scabies, food allergy.
Predisposing factors
General- Fleas.
- Anal sac impaction Anal sac impaction.
- Anal sac infection Anal sacculitis.
- Ear disease.
- Hypersensitivity disorders.
- Genetic Retriever: Golden.
Specific
- Staphylococcus intermedius Staphylococcus intermedius.
Pathophysiology
- Unclear, but the following is suggested:
- Changes to skin surface micro-environment → increased bacterial populations.
- Primary trigger → pruritus → self-trauma → inoculation of skin with bacteria → worsened pruritus → vicious cycle.
Diagnosis
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Treatment
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Prevention
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Outcomes
Subscribe To View
This article is available to subscribers.
Try a free trial today or contact us for more information.
Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Littlewood J D, Lakhani K H, Paterson S, Wood J L N & Chanter N (1999) Clindamycin hydrochloride and clavulanate-amoxycillin in the treatment of canine superficial pyoderma. Vet Rec 144 (24), 662-665 PubMed.
- Hill P B & Moriell K A (1994) Canine pyoderma. JAVMA 204 (3), 334-340 PubMed.