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Free gingival graft
Introduction
- Gingival recession is defined as an apical migration of the gingival margin over a dehiscence of alveolar bone, causing a decreased distance between the gingival margin and mucogingival junction. It can be the result of inherent alveolar bone/root morphology (areas of root surface denuded of alveolar bone), focal trauma, pull of a frenum/frenulum, orthodontic treatment, or untreated periodontal disease.
- Gingival cleft is a type of gingival recession in the form of a V-shaped fissure or split.
- Gingival shrinkage is defined as a reduction in size of inflamed gingiva usually due to diminution of edema in the course of professional oral care and home oral hygiene.
- Free graft is defined as tissue that is no longer attached to the donor site.
- Autogenous graft comprises tissue from the patient's own body.
Uses
- To halt gingival recession.
- To increase the width of attached gingiva.
- To deepen the oral vestibule.
- To cover an area of gingival recession.
- Inclusion criteria:
- Otherwise healthy teeth with gingival recession.
- Insufficient gingival tissue available on same or adjacent teeth for utilization of alternative techniques.
Alternative techniques
- Frenotomy/frenectomy.
- Laterally positioned flap.
- Coronally positioned flap.
- Semilunar coronally positioned flap.
- Connective tissuse graft.
- Guided tissue regeneration.
- Growth factors and enamel matrix proteins.
Requirements
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Preparation
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Technique
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Aftercare
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
Other sources of information
- Wolf H F, Rateitschak E M, Rateitschak K H, Hassell T M (2005)Color Atlas of Dental Medicine - Periodontology.3rd edn. Thieme, Stuttgart.