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Gastrostomy: percutaneous tube 1 (endoscopic)
Introduction
- Introduce an indwelling catheter into the stomach via the abdominal wall.
Uses
- Portal of entry for enteral nutrition.
- Replacement and maintenance of alimentation pre- and post-surgery Stomach: gastric dilatation / volvulus (GDV) syndrome.
- Bypass esophagus in esophageal disease.
- Bypass oral cavity if oral/pharyngeal disease.
- Bypass esophagus in neurological disorders affecting swallowing.
- Nutritional supplementation for anorexia.
Advantages
- Easy provision of caloric and water requirements.
- May use canned pet foods processed in a blender as well as liquid diets.
- Easier, safer, less expensive and more physiological than parenteral methods.
- No irritation of esophagus or pharnyx and no gastroesophageal reflux around tube.
Disadvantages
- General anesthesia required.
- Endoscopy skills needed.
- Not suitable method of feeding if gastric or intestinal disease present.
Alternative techniques
- Pharyngostomy tube.
- Needle jejunostomy.
- Nasoesophageal or nasogastric tube Nasoesophageal intubation.
- Percutaneous gastrostomy tube placement with pipe introducer Gastrostomy: percutaneous tube 2 (pipe introducer).
- Esophagostomy tubes.
Procedure
- 30 min.
Decision taking
Criteria for choosing test
- Nutritional status of dog.
- Ability of animal to prehend and swallow food.
- Presence of ascites, abdominal masses, or previous gastropexy may interfere with PEG tube placement.
Requirements
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Preparation
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Technique
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Aftercare
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Buffington C A (1998) Unclogging gastrostomy tubes. JAVMA 213 (3), 338 PubMed.
- Glaus T M, Cornelius L M, Bartges J W et al (1998) Complications with non-endoscopic percutaneous gastrostomy in 31 cats and 10 dogs - a retrospective study. JSAP 39 (5), 218-222 PubMed.
- Seaman R, Legendre A M (1998) Owner experiences with home use of a gastrostomy tube in their dog or cat. JAVMA 212 (10), 1576-1578 PubMed.
- Waschak M J, Payne J T, Pope E R et al (1997) Evaluation of percutaneous gastrostomy as a technique for permanent gastropexy. Vet Surg 26 (3), 235-241 PubMed.
- Clary E M, Hardie E M, Fischer W D et al (1996) Non-endoscopic antegrade percutaneous gastrostomy - the effect of preplacement gastric insufflation on tube position and intra-abdominal anatomy. J Vet Intern Med 10 (1), 15-20 PubMed.
- Mauterer J V, Abood S K, Buffington C A et al (1994) New technique and management guidelines for percutaneous non-endoscopic tube gastrostomy. JAVMA 205 (4), 574-579 PubMed.
- Bright R M (1993) Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 23 (3), 531-545 PubMed.
- McCrackin M A, DeNovo R C, Bright R M et al (1993) Endoscopic placement of a percutaneous gastroduodenostomy feeding tube in dogs. JAVMA 203 (6), 792-797 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube - Surgical Placement. VetVine Hub: www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPo2hEA4QUw.