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Bovine parainfluenza virus III
Synonym(s): PI, paramyxovirus, bovine respiratory disease complex
Introduction
Classification
Taxonomy
- Family: paramxyoviridae.
- Genus: respirovirus.
- Species: bovine parainfluenza virus III.
Distribution
- Worldwide distribution.
Significance
- Bovine parainfluenza virus III is highly contagious and produces a mild respiratory disease; however in combination with secondary bacterial infections the effects can be far more severe.
- Bovine parainfluenza virus III [Bovine parainfluenza III] is a causative agent of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC).
- The estimated annual cost of BRDC to the UK cattle industry is approximately £80 million, and affects an estimated 1.9 million animals (2017).
- Bovine parainfluenza virus has been reported in association with abortion.
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Resting Forms
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Clinical Effects
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Diagnosis
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed Papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Macías-Rioseco M, Mirazo S, Uzal FA, Fraga M, Silveira C, Maya L, Riet-Correa F, Arbiza J, Colina R, Anderson ML, Giannitti F. (2019) Fetal Pathology in an Aborted Holstein Fetus Infected With Bovine Parainfluenza Virus-3 Genotype A. Vet Pathol. 56 (2) p277-281 PubMed.
- Grissett G P, White B J & Larson R L (2015) Structured literature review of responses of cattle to viral and bacterial pathogens causing bovine respiratory disease complex. J Vet Intern Med 29 (3), 770-80 PubMed.
- Ellis J A (2010) Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 26 (3), 575-93 PubMed.
- Horwood P F, Gravel J L & Mahony T J (2008) Identification of two distinct bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 genotypes. J Gen Virol 89 (7), 1643-8 PubMed.
- Sato M & Wright P F (2008) Current status of vaccines for parainfluenza virus infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J 27 (10), 123-5 PubMed.
Other Resources
- Surveillance report (2023) Reproductive tract conditions Vet Rec 193 (6) BVA