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Epidermal cysts
Introduction
- Uncommon, single or multiple lesions of the epidermis causing dermal swellings which may become inflamed.
- Cause: trauma with genetic predisposition.
- Signs: skin nodules +/- inflammation.
- Diagnosis: histopathology.
- Treatment: surgical resection if necessary or practical.
- Prognosis: good.
Cost considerations
- Cysts may be of economic significance, as they affect hide quality.
Special risks
- Associated with diagnostic procedures (aspiration biopsy or impression smear, surgical excision).
Pathogenesis
Etiology
- Benign non-neoplastic lesions of skin with an epithelial wall and keratinaceous contents.
- Probably the result of degenerative changes or traumatic displacement of epidermal fragments.
- May be congenital or acquired.
- May be solitary or multiple.
- Cysts in cattle are most commonly epidermoid ie arise from epidermis without adnexal structures.
Pathophysiology
- Cystic dilatation subsequent to accumulation of keratin within the skin.
- There is no breed, sex or age predisposition for solitary cysts.
- If lesions traumatized then may rupture leading to foreign body reaction in dermis.
Timecourse
- Weeks to months.
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Prevention
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Outcomes
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed Papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
Other sources of information
- Scott D W (1988) Large Animal Dermatology. W B Saunders.
- Williams and Memon (1985) Epidermal inclusion cysts in a cow. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 187 (5) 504-505 National Library of Medicine