bovis - Articles
Schmallenberg virus
Synonym(s): orthobunyavirus
Introduction
Classification
Taxonomy
- Order: bunyavirales.
- Family: peribunyaviridae.
- Genus: orthobunyavirus.
- Species: schmallenberg virus.
Etymology
- The virus was named "Schmallenberg virus (SBV)" as this is the name of the German town where the first case was identified.
Distribution
- First identified in November 2011 and is now widespread in Europe.
- Associated mostly with ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats, bison and deer). Majority of infected animals are sheep.
Significance
- Members of the Simbu serogroup have never been detected in Europe before 2011.
- SBV results in economic losses due to abortions, congenital malformations and reductions in milk yield. However, these losses are considered by animal health authorities to be low.
- Transmitted by midges (Culicoides spp.).
- Countries which are free from disease will not import live animals, embryos and semen from infected countries. However, it is difficult to control spread across borders due to it being transmitted by midges.
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Resting Forms
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Clinical Effects
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Diagnosis
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed Papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Wernike K, Conraths F, Zanella G et al (2014) Schmallenberg virus-two years of experiences. Prev Vet Med 116 (4), 423-34 PubMed.
- Conraths F J, Peters M & Beer M (2013) Schmallenberg virus, a novel orthobunyavirus infection in ruminants in Europe: potential global impact and preventive measures. N Z Vet J 61 (2), 63-7 PubMed.
- Doceul V, Lara E, Sailleau C, Belbis G et al (2013) Epidemiology, molecular virology and diagnostics of Schmallenberg virus, an emerging orthobunyavirus in Europe. Vet Res 15 (44), 31 PubMed.
- Beer M, Conraths F J & van der Poel W H (2012) 'Schmallenberg virus'--a novel orthobunyavirus emerging in Europe. Epidemiol Infect 141 (1), 1-8 PubMed.
Organisation(s)
- OIE: www.oie.int.