Fusobacterium necrophorum
Synonym(s): fusobacteriaceae
Introduction
Classification
Taxonomy
- Domain: bacteria.
- Phylum: fusobacteria.
- Class: fusobacteria.
- Order: fusobacteriales.
- Family: fusobacteriaceae.
- Genus: fusobacterium.
- Species: necrophorum.
- Subspecies: F. n.subspp necrophorum and F. n.subspp funduliforme.
Etymology
- F. n.subsp. necrophroum previously = Biovar A of F. necrophorum.
- F. n.subsp. funduliforme previously = Biovar B of F. necrophorum.
- fusus = a spindle; bacterium = a small rod; fusobacterium = a small spindle shaped rod.
- nekros = the dead; phoreo = to bear; necrophorum = necrosis producing.
- fundulus = a kind of sausage; forme = in shape of; funduliforme = sausage shaped.
Distribution
- Found on mucus membranes such as those of the digestive, oropharynx and urogential tracts.
- Excreted in feces.
Significance
- F. necrophorum is an opportunistic pathogen causing many necrotic conditions, either specific or non-specific infections in many species of animals.
- Associated with necrotic pharyngitis/laryngitis Conditions of the larynx in calves (usually less than 3 months of age) which can progress to fatal necrotising pneumonia.
- Associated with bovine liver abscesses Ruminal acidosis in cattle kept in feedlot settings (eg cattle fed diets high in carbohydrates).
- Associated with black spot of teat of dairy cows. Teat disorders: an overview
- Associated with foot rot in cattle Footrot.
Active Forms
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Resting Forms
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Clinical Effects
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Diagnosis
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Tadepalli S, Narayanan S K, Stewart G C, Chengappa M M, Nagaraja T G (2009) Fusobacterium necrophorum: a ruminal bacterium that invades liver to cause abscesses in cattle. Anaerobe 15 (1-2), 36-43 PubMed.
- Roberts G L (2000) Fusobacterial infections: an underestimated threat. Br J Biomed Sci 57 (2), 156-62.
- Nagaraja T G & Chengappa M M (1998) Liver abscesses in feedlot cattle: a review. J Anim Sci 76 (1), 287-98 PubMed.
- Mateos E, Piriz S, Valle J, Hurtado M & Vadillo S (1997) Minimum inhibitory concentrations for selected antimicrobial agents against Fusobacterium necrophorum isolated from hepatic abscesses in cattle and sheep. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 20 (1), 21-3 PubMed.
- Tan Z L, Nagaraja T G & Chengappa M M (1996) Fusobacterium necrophorum infections: virulence factors, pathogenic mechanism and control measures. Vet Res Commun 20 (2), 113-40 PubMed.
Other sources of information
- Nagaraja T G et al (2005) Fusobacterium necrophorum infections in animals: Pathogenesis and pathogenic mechanisms. Anaerobe 11 (4), 239-246 PubMed.
- Citron D M (2002) Update on the taxonomy and clinical aspects of the genus Fusobacterium. Clin Inf Dis 35 (Suppl 1), 22-27 PubMed.
- Markey B et al (2013) Non-spore-forming Anaerobes. In: Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. Mosby Elsevier, UK. pp 205-213.
- Quinn P J et al (2011) Pathogenic Anaerobic Non-spore-forming Gram-negative Bacteria. In: Veterinary Microbiology and Microbial Disease. Wiley-Blackwell, UK. pp 368-371.
- Carter G R & Wise D J (2004) Non-Spore-Forming Anaerobic Bacteria. In: Essentials of Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology. Iowa: Iowa State Press. pp 235-238.
- Hirsh D C (2004) Non-Spore-Forming Obligate Anaerobes. In: Veterinary Microbiology. Blackwell Publishing, USA. pp 193-197.
Organization(s)
- List of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature (LPSN). Available at: www.bacterio.net.