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Clostridium tetani
Synonym(s): Tetanus, lock jaw
Introduction
Classification
Taxonomy
- Kingdom: bacteria.
- Phylum: firmicutes.
- Class: clostridia.
- Order: clostridiales.
- Family: clostridiaceae.
- Genus: clostridium.
- Species: C. tetani.
Etymology
- Gk: Clostridium: klōstēr - a spindle. L:tétanos- muscle spasm/stretch.
Distribution
- Worldwide distribution.
- Found in soil (particularly cultivated soil) and intestinal tracts.
- Can be transiently found in feces.
Significance
- Exotoxin responsible for tetanus Tetanus.
- All mammals are susceptible. Cats, dogs and birds are relatively resistant, horses and humans are highly susceptible, cattle and pigs moderately susceptible.
- Incubation period is 10-14 days.
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Resting Forms
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Clinical Effects
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Diagnosis
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed Papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Driemeier D, Schild A L, Fernandes J C T, Colodel E M, Corrêa A M R & Cruz C E F & Barros C S L (2007) Outbreaks of Tetanus in Beef Cattle and Sheep in Brazil Associated with Disophenol Injection. J Vet Med Series A 54, 333–335 PubMed.
- 2000) Association of botulism and tetanus as causative agents of an outbreak of bovine paraplegic mortality in the eastern plains of Colombia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 916, 646–649 PubMed. (
- 1997) Idiopathic tetanus in fattening cattle. Vet Rec 140, 435–436 PubMed. (
- 1996) Idiopathic tetanus. Vet Rec 138, 651. (
- 1996) Idiopathic tetanus. Vet Rec 139, 48 PubMed. (
- 1991) Outbreak of tetanus. Vet Rec 129, 40. D E (
- (1991) Outbreak of tetanus. Vet Rec 129, 79 PubMed. ,
- 1991) Outbreak of tetanus. Vet Rec 129, 59–60.
Other sources of information
- Biberstein E L (1990) The Clostridia. In:Review of Veterinary Microbiology. Eds: E L Biberstein & Y C Zee. Blackwell Scientific, USA. pp. 306-309.